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Emergency Medical Services Program

Emergency Medical Services Program. Epinephrine Administration Epinephrine Auto Injector. Epinephrine Administration Epinephrine Auto Injector. LEARNING OBJECTIVES Obtain baseline understanding of the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis Understand how epinephrine works

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Emergency Medical Services Program

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  1. Emergency Medical Services Program Epinephrine Administration Epinephrine Auto Injector

  2. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector LEARNING OBJECTIVES • Obtain baseline understanding of the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis • Understand how epinephrine works • Learn how to administer epinephrine (Epinephrine auto injector)

  3. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector UNIT ONE Signs and Symptoms of Anaphylaxis

  4. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector What is ANAPHYLAXIS? • Anaphylaxis is a sudden, severe allergic reaction that can occur quickly (as fast as within a couple of minutes) and involves the whole body • Common Allergens: • Insect Stings • Medication • Foods • Latex .

  5. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector What is ANAPHYLAXIS? The most common food allergy reactions are caused by eight (8) foods:

  6. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector What is ANAPHYLAXIS? (continued) • Widespread responses that cause itching, hives and swelling • May cause: • Tachycardia • Hypoperfusion (decreased blood flow through organs) • Hypertension • Tachycardia • Asphyxia .

  7. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector Symptoms of ANAPHYLAXIS • Trouble breathing/Wheezing • Hoarseness (changes in the way your voice sounds) • Hives (raised reddened rash) and severe itching • Skin rash, redness, or swelling (Fast heartbeat • Weak pulse • Anxiety/Confusion • Stomach pain • Incontinence • Dizziness/Unconsciousness

  8. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector UNIT TWO Epinephrine and Effects

  9. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector What is Epinephrine and how does it work? Definition • A naturally occurring hormone, also known as adrenaline or adrenalin • Released during “Flight or Fight” response Effects • Relaxes muscles in airways opening trachea • Counteracts swelling (histamine blocker) • Increases blood sugar, blood pressure, heart rate and cardiac output

  10. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector How does Epinephrine work? EPINEPHRINE

  11. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector UNIT THREE Administration of Epinephrine

  12. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector Epinephrine Auto Injector Administration Epinephrine can only be administered if authorized by your Local EMS Agency Medical Director

  13. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector Epinephrine Auto Injector Administration • Determine patient’s history of anaphylaxis, severe allergic reaction and/or recent exposure • Request ALS assistance and dial 911, but do not delay treatment • Obtain patient’s prescribed auto injector (if available) • Ensure: • Medication is not discolored or expired and injector is intact • If patient’s Epi Pen is unusable, use stocked Epi Pen auto injector

  14. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector Epinephrine Auto Injector Administration – Site Selection and Preparation • Choose intramuscular injection site: • Deltoid, • Lateral thigh • Anterolateral thigh (best site for infants and toddlers)

  15. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector Epinephrine Auto Injector Administration – Site Selection and Preparation Injection site

  16. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector Epinephrine Auto Injector Administration – Site Selection and Preparation • Prepare site with alcohol wipe, scrubbing vigorously • Let air dry

  17. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector Epinephrine Auto Injector Administration • Ensure proper auto injector for patient • Pediatric (0.15 mg of 1:1,000) <30 kg (66 lbs) • Adult (0.30 mg of 1:1,000) >30 kg (66 lbs) • Grasp auto injector with needle end facing downward • Remove safety release cap from other end of injector

  18. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector Epinephrine Auto Injector Administration • Position auto injector approximately 10 cm from injection site • Insert auto injector into injection site at 90 degree angle(helps insure intramuscular administration) • Hold in place for 10 seconds • Remove auto injector and massage injection site for 10 seconds • Properly dispose of auto injector using Sharps container

  19. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector Epinephrine Auto Injector Administration – Side Effects of Epinephrine

  20. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector Epinephrine Auto Injector Administration – After Administration • Continue to provide respiratory assistance as needed • Perform CPR if unresponsive or agonal breathing • Continue ongoing patient assessment • Does patient require second dose (requires medical control) • Monitor vital signs and assessment of patient response • Provide supportive care

  21. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector Epinephrine Auto Injector Administration – After Administration Remember Document all information concerning patient, medication and patient response for ALS transport providers Thorough documentation!!!!

  22. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector Additional Training Resources – Mayo Clinic: http://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/epinephrine-injection-route/description/DRG-20072429 American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology https://acaai.org/allergies/anaphylaxis

  23. Epinephrine AdministrationEpinephrine Auto Injector QUESTIONS???

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