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Enhancing Object Detection with Refined Radar Polarimetry and Dual-Frequency Observations

This research explores refined polarization responses and object detection capabilities using radar polarimetry. By employing dual-frequency and dual aspect angle observations, we analyze the backscattered electric field and scattering properties of various objects, including cylinders and helices. Our findings reveal that building detection is optimized with certain linear polarizations, with horizontal polarization yielding the best results. The study provides insights into maximizing power and improving detection accuracy through an understanding of polarization response in radar systems.

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Enhancing Object Detection with Refined Radar Polarimetry and Dual-Frequency Observations

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  1. A Refined Polarization Response, andObject Detection with Radar Polarimetry UsingDual-Frequency and Dual Aspect Angle ObservationsTeemu Tares and Martti HallikainenLaboratory of Space Technology, Helsinki University of TechnologyEspoo, FINLAND

  2. Electric Field Equation Backscattered field as a function of incident field Jones vectors of incident and backscattered waves Sinclair matrix S describing the scatterer

  3. Electric Field Ratio R = Polarization

  4. Polarization Equation Scattered polarization as a function of transmit polarization

  5. Power Equation Scattered power as a function of transmit polarization

  6. Polarization Match Similarity of polarization states R1 and R2 1 = same polarizations 0 = orthogonal polarizations

  7. Poincaré Sphere

  8. Polarization Response

  9. Vertical cylinder Max. Power Min. Power V LCP RCP H

  10. Horizontal cylinder Max. Power Min. Power V LCP RCP H

  11. R-Helix Max. Power Min. Power V LCP RCP H

  12. L-Helix Max. Power Min. Power V LCP RCP H

  13. V Max. Power H LCP RCP Min. Power Power responses appear similarly • Vertical/horizontal • cylinder • Right-/left-handed • helix

  14. Random Random type of scatterer Max. Power Min. Power V LCP RCP

  15. Polarization Response • Power depends on: • Cos (R, Rmax) • Max. backscatter Pmax • Min. backscatter Pmin

  16. Polarization Response • Power depends on: • Min. backscatter Pmin • Max. backscatter Pmax • Pol. match to Rmax • Power Eq. optimization: • Max. pol.  (Pmax, Rmax) • Min. pol.  (Pmin, Rmin) • Rmin orthogonal to Rmax

  17. Maxxpower, minpower, maxpol match to H, HIS PCA MaxPower (4th root) MinPower (4th root) IHS = PC2(max,min) PC1(max,min) PC2(max,etah) MaxPol. H-Match

  18. ESAR/Landsat

  19. airphoto

  20. Field Measurements

  21. Calibration

  22. Building Detection Airphoto

  23. +-45 Two linear polarizations: +45 (red) and –45 (green)

  24. R/LCP Circular polarizations: RCP (red) and LCP (green)

  25. HHVV Two linear polarizations: HH (red) and VV (green)

  26. H vs. V Two linear polarizations: H (red) and V (green)

  27. Maxpol Maximum power and polarization Intensity=Power Red = H Cyan = V E-SAR (L) Kirkkonummi 31.8.2000

  28. Best Single-Channel Detection Result (H pol.) Green = detected Red = non-detected Blue = false alarm

  29. Building detection False detection (%) Total Power H Transmit V Transmit HH VV HV Max. Power Buildings detected (%)

  30. Dual-Frequency & Dual Aspect Correlations

  31. Conclusion • According to our studies … • Polarization response can be simplified. • Detecting buildings, H is best and HV not a good channel. • Polarimetric channels are more correlated than • frequency channels and aspect channels, especially.

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