November 12, 2012

1. 2012 METS Taipei, Taiwan YuJung Chang, PhD 張育榮 西雅圖，美國 HDR Engineering, Inc Senior Vice President Innovative Green Building Design & Technologies for Modernized City Development November 12, 2012

2. Outline • Technologies and approaches for sustainable city development and facility design • Planning • Energy efficient • Water efficient • Construction material • Ultimate energy efficient facility design • Waste – Energy conversion • Integration of renewable energy into public facility design • Summary • On-site renewable energy • Public transportation • Construction

3. Planning Technologies and approaches for Sustainable City development and facility design

4. Goal Management • Certification for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) • Certified • Silver • Gold • Platinum • Carbon Neutral • Energy Net Zero

5. Sustainable Return on Investment (SROI) • Triple Bottom Line • Environmental • Social • Economic • From Economic Principles to Quantifiable Parameters • Evidence based data assessment for transparent alternative analysis

6. Dubai Biotechnology and Research Park, Dubai, UAE • Region's first dedicated modern laboratory compound • Largest laboratory facility in the Middle East • Elements of the natural environment—fire, water, earth and air—were the basis for selecting forms and materials for the building • First research facility in the region to earn LEED Silver certification • Designed to achieve water savings of 1.5 million gal/yr • 27% energy savings compared to ASHRAE 90

7. Site Selection & Development • LEED Platinum • Uses 50% less energy and 65% less potable water than a conventionally constructed building of similar size • Incorporates hundreds of sustainable design features, which added no additional costs nor increased the time needed for construction • Avoid environmental sensitive areas • Brownfield development • Maximize the use of public transportation systems Additional Sustainable Features: Construction IAQ Management Plan, Construction Waste Management, Design Charrette, Daylighting & Views, Occupant Lighting Control, Occupant Thermal Control, Geothermal Energy, Local/Regional Materials, Low-Emitting Materials, Recycled-content Materials, Innovative Wastewater Technologies, Stormwater Management, Water Efficient Landscaping Banner Bank Building, Boise, Idaho, USA

8. Energy Efficient Technologies and approaches for Sustainable City development and facility design

9. Sustainable Energy Strategies • Energy Management Plan • Alternative Energy • Daylighting & Views • Atrium, skylights • Cool Roof • Occupant Lighting & Thermal Control • Localized temperature settings Alexandria Police Headquarters, Virginia, US LEED Gold Centennial Research Facility Madison, Wisconsin, US

10. Water Efficient Technologies and approaches for Sustainable City development and facility design

11. Technologies for Efficient Water Resource Management Indoor • Potable water management • Efficient faucets • waterless urinals • low-flow toilets • Wastewater management • On-site water reuse with advanced technologies Arzanah Medical Complex Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates LEED Gold

12. Technologies for Efficient Water Resource Management Outdoor (Stormwater) • Storm water management • Underground or above-ground storm water system can be used for rainwater harvesting for irrigation • Retention pond • Bioswales (landscaped wetland) with pedestrian path, bridge, and boardwalk Denton County Admin. Complex Texas, USA

13. Technologies for Efficient Water Resource Management Outdoor (Stormwater) • Greenroof • Water efficient landscaping • Tolerate extensive heat and draught • Erosion control • Sedimentation control Metro Health Hospital in Wyoming Michigan, USA Cleveland Clinic in Abu Dhabi, UAE

14. Construction Material Technologies and approaches for Sustainable City development and facility design

15. Sustainable Building Material • Improve energy efficiency • Preserve natural environment • Reuse existing construction material • Recycle-content material • FSC-Certified wood • Minimize impact to local community • Local/Regional Material • Minimize impact to indoor air quality • Low-emitting materials • Low/no VOC paint, adhesive, sealant • Formaldehyde-free wood panels McKinney Green Building McKinney, Texas, US • 45% Local/Regional material • 11% recycled content material

16. Sustainable Building Material • Minimize impact to indoor air quality • Low-emitting materials • Low/no VOC paint, adhesive, sealant • Formaldehyde-free wood panels Centennial Research Facility Madison, Wisconsin, US • Low VOC-content paint and adhesives • High recycled content material • 20% of regional material • 75% of non-hazardous construction debris was recycled

17. On-site Renewable Energy Technologies and approaches for Sustainable City development and facility design

18. Onsite Renewable Energy • Geothermal • Photovoltaic • Wind Power Banner Bank Building, Boise, Idaho, USA Geothermal for Heating Source

19. McKinney Green Building, McKinney, Texas, US • LEED Platinum • 62% energy reduction • energy-efficient building envelope • use of sunshade devices • underfloor air distribution system • efficient fenestration and high insulation • Occupancy & daylight sensors • maximum daylight filtration and views to the outdoors • Rooftop photovoltaic system supplies 10% percent of the electric demand Additional Sustainable Features: Bike Racks, Certified Wood, Local Materials (45%), Low-Emitting Materials, Recycled-content Materials (11%), Stormwater Management, Water Efficient Landscaping, Water Use Reduction, Innovative Wastewater Technologies,

20. Abrera Water Treatment Plant, Barcelona, Spain • Impaired water supply • World’s largest Electron Dialysis Reversal Plant: 4m3/sec (91.3 MGD) • 3.6 megawatt solar farm (photovoltaic)

21. Public Transportation Technologies and approaches for Sustainable City development and facility design

22. Integration with Energy – Efficient Transportation • Integration with public transportation systems Federal Building Chicago, Illinois, USA Banner Bank Building Boise, Idaho, USA

23. Integration with Energy – Efficient Transportation • Easily accessible, highly secured, affordable multi-deck bike racks Midway Airport, Chicago, IL, USA

24. Construction Technologies and approaches for Sustainable City development and facility design

25. Sustainable Approach for Construction • Proper handling & disposal of waste from the demolition and construction • Establish & execute the Construction Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan Santa Clara County Crime Laboratory San Jose, California, USA LEED Gold

26. Carbon Neutral Energy Net-Zero Ultimate Energy efficient facility design

27. Carbon Neutral Energy Solutions Laboratory • Carbon Neutral • Net Zero Energy • High energy efficiency • Day lighting & views • Occupant Lighting Control • Occupant Thermal Control • Renewable energy on-site • Photovoltaic • Geothermal Carbon Neutral Energy Solutions Laboratory Atlanta, Georgia, USA

28. Power Cogeneration Waste to Energy Advanced W-to-E Waste to energy conversion

29. Power Cogeneration • Convert municipal wastewater to digester gas as fuel with advanced technologies • Power a 335 kW cogeneration system • digester gas treatment system • 335 kW reciprocating engine-generator • heat recovery systems • two hot water boilers • This new cogeneration facility is a critical component to new admin building and its ability to achieve LEED status due to heating and energy from a renewable resource Budd Inlet Wastewater Treatment Plant Olympia, Washington, USA

30. Waste to Energy Conversion • Municipal solid waste disposal crises in Oahu • 2,000 tons/day of municipal waste sold to local power company • Convert waste to energy—enough to support 45,000 homes • Waste is combusted in furnaces using refuse derived waste (RDF) technology at > 980 oC • Reduce the original waste to 10% as residual ash • Upgraded pollution control systems ensure both particulates and NOx to meet or exceed all state and federal emission standards. Waste-to-Energy Facility Oahu, Hawaii, USA

31. Advanced Waste to Energy ConversionThe Onion Story - Oxnard, California, USA • Gill Onion, the largest onion processor in US • Generates > 100,000 kg/day of onion peels • Reduce waste volume by 75% with 2-stage grinding • 20 tons/day of onion cake  cattle feed • 30,000 gal/day of onion juice (> 60,000 mg/L COD) • Digested in a high-rate upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor to produce 100 cfm of methane-rich biogas • Power two 300 kilowatt fuel cells that generated 0.6 MW of energy to supply >80% of the facility • Ground breaking achievement won prestigious Grand Conceptor Award in 2010 from the American Council of Engineering Companies

32. Landfill Desalination Plant Energy Storage Integration of Renewable energy into public facility design

33. Solar Energy Cover for Landfill • Landfills occupy massive open area indefinitely • The installation costs of an exposed geomembrane closure are substantially less than a traditional closure • Long-term maintenance costs can be replaced with a positive revenue stream • Avoid thousands of tons of greenhouse gases that would be emitted from the mowing and soil replacement activities needed for long-term care of a conventional grass-covered cap • Rainwater can be harvested without the need for sedimentation and cleaning. Hickory Ridge Landfill Atlanta, Georgia, USA Tessman Road Landfill San Antonio, Texas, USA

34. Hickory Ridge Landfill Solar Energy Cover • The 48-acre at capacity landfill was transformed into the largest solar energy generating facility in the world, represents a milestone for landfill final closure • The solar energy cover uses >7,000 solar panels to generate more than 1 megawatt of clean, renewable electricity for the local community.  Awards • 2012 - Grand Award, Engineering Excellence Awards, ACEC GA • 2012 - Honor Award, Engineering Excellence Awards, ACEC • 2012 - Honor Award, American Academy of Environmental Engineers

35. Wind-Powered Seawater Desalination Plant in Australia • Seawater desalination has become the primary water source for many costal countries. • Some desalination plants in UAE, Australia, Spain, and Scotland include wind power in the plants’ energy portfolio • Several desalination plants in Australia built dedicated wind farms along the coastline as part of the projects in exchange for power credits • Desalination Plants in Sydney and Perth could obtain enough wind energy credit to cover the entire facility operation. Perth, Australia

36. Energy Pumped Storage, Ludington, Michigan US • 20 Billion gal/day of water is consumed in US • Delivering water from the water treatment plants to the end users consume tremendous amount of energy • “Energy Pumped Storage”: Treating water during off-peak hours; pump water to an elevated storage facility; then use gravity to re-introduce clean water back to the distribution system when it is needed • The city of Ludington by Lake Michigan hosts one of the world's largest pumped storage facilities. • 1,000 acres, in operation since 1973. • The 1,872-megawatt plant utilizes 6 vertical Francis-type pump units

37. Summary • With technology advancements in sustainable design, the concept of “been green” has evolved from a social/political preferred ideology to an environmentally responsible cost saving feature • Numerous examples given in this paper clearly suggest that there are opportunities presented in all the phases of building any facility or public infrastructure to conserve and protect natural resources while substantial financial and social benefits can be realized at the same time • Being resource efficient and environmentally responsible should not just be a “guideline”, but rather become the core principle for every Civil Engineer

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