December 2018 Communications Webinar

1. December 2018 Communications Webinar LtCol David Rudawitz Director of Communications Oregon Wing Communications - Voice of Command

2. Topics • New DoD mission • New Table of Allowances • Discussion ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

3. New DoD mission ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

4. CAP Communications New Mission Briefing(Unclassified) April 2018 ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

5. Over the last year….. • CAP Operations has been working on a developing new mission • Damage assessment and light airlift after EMP or cyberattack • New operational/flying mission supported by Communications • The mission IS developing and getting closer and closer ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

6. USAF Need: Resilient Communications “I look forward to discussing how we can leverage new technology and new ways of networking multi-domain sensors and resilient communicationsto bring more lethality to the fight.” -- US Air Force Chief of Staff General David L. Goldfein ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

7. USAF Study Group • CAP was part of USAF commissioned “think tank” report on Resilient Comm – Report Approved • USAF: Current C3 (satellite/cyber) is vulnerable to comm & electric grid hacking; EMP • Denial of electric power could cascade and impact millions of Americans; power out for months • Senior Air Force leaders recognize that High Frequency (HF) radio is the only "infrastructure independent" form of communications • Uses neither space nor cyber, so not hackable • Can pass voice and data at trans- and inter-continental ranges ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

8. USAF Action Plan • Restoring Radio Operator specialty • Building a more robust, resilient, and reliable C3 architecture for American air forces worldwide, including HF • New USAF term: DWOS – “Day WithOut Space” • Operations with no satellite, Internet, GPS • CAP is acknowledged as the “gold standard” for expert HF radio net operations (NTN) ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

9. Developing Mission • CAP’s recognized excellence has opened the door to CAP being tasked with an operational flying mission in a Classified DoD OPLAN • Classified briefing for NHQ/CAP-USAF • Will trigger detailed CAP OPS Planning • Similar to airborne taskings from the past: • Airborn Reconnaissance Damage Asxessment • Light Disaster Airlift • Tasking and reporting by secure radio ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

10. Paths to Commanders • CAP Ops planning for USAF tasking is still pending, but DOK is getting ready • Assumptions: • Commercial comm, power systems may be unavailable • Communications must be encrypted data via HF • Possibly automated delivery down to Wing Message Center Station • Likely manual connects for relay to units • Addressing and content of messages in CAP must match active duty formats/standards ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

11. Message Addressing • Active Duty USAF Units: • Unit commander • Unit command post • CAP • Wing Commander • Wing alert roster or “virtual command post”? • Pending CAP OpsPlan finalization: • We need a radio path to each wing from outside • We need a radio path within each wing to each operational unit, and thus every officer required to deploy resources • This SHOULD accomplish anything OPs will need ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

12. Wing HF Planning • Wing 2018 Comm Plans address operation at elevated OpsTempo; use them! • Wing HF plan required for distribution of additional HF radios • No suspense date…yet • Show stations required for paths to every unit • Plans will (eventually) be reviewed and validated by liaison regions ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

13. New Paradigm • We often think in terms of existing missions • SAR • DR • Photography • Missing Persons • At NHQ, our “planning horizon” has a much higher bar – recovery from national crisis from hacking/EMP • The way we’ve always done things will not stand up to failure of power and comm ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

14. What should wings do? • Be sure your 2018 comm plan is submitted • Plan for wing internal comm without commercial comm • 1st preference: HF all the way • 2nd preference: HF plus VHF simplex • 3rd preference; HF plus VHF repeaters ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

15. Wing Comm Plan • Supplements national Alert Level Actions Guide • Recommended Minimum: Net schedule/channels when at elevated alert level • Begin thinking in terms of DWOS • No commercial or satellite Comm, no Internet, no GPS, no Cell, no fiber optics, massive infrastructure failure • All could be denied by cyber or direct attack ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

16. HF Plan Process • Approve WHERE you need HF radios to deliver traffic to every unit • Determine WHICH need new radios/accessories (Micom 3Fs) • Determine WHO will be the operators/custodians • Put the station in service; check in nets; develop expertise ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

17. Follow this HF Plan Model ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

18. Paths to Commanders • Assumptions about Comm requirements: • Commercial comm, power systems may be unavailable (plan for worst possible situation) • Communications will be encrypted data via HF • Possibly automated above Wing Message Center Station • Likely manual connects between Wing MCS and units • Addressing/formatting of messages in CAP must match active duty standards (learning curve) • Current wing HF plan tasking is paths to UNITS, not only ICs – ICs still need to reach internal mission assets ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

19. High Ops Tempo Planning • Work group studying operation at all levels when at elevated OpsTempo • Everyone going to the national nets does not work at high Ops Tempo! • Many exercise examples of operators not knowing WHERE to be WHEN • Need structure, including“if that doesn’t work try this” backup plans • Results in next national Comm Plan ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

20. Spectrum Management • Activities on military bases and property require frequency coordination well in advance • See CAPR 100-1, para. 6.2 • Encampments on base • Contact DOKF@capnhq.gov ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

21. Training Modules in LMS • 23+ courses currently in LMS. Examples: • Introductory Communications User Training (ICUT) • How to call a Net 9 (NTN) duty station when you need assistance • Comm Operational Security • Contingency Communications • RDP Transportable HF Radio Set-up and Operation • Base Ops • WMIRS for Communicators ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

22. Training Modules in LMS • O - Series for Operations • T - Series for Technical • M - Series for Management • Go to: eServices > Online Learning > Learning Management System • Select “Communications” from the pull-down menu or scroll down ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

23. Security Study • USAF policy expects commands to perform their own security studies to determine security requirements • DOK staff Ed Wolff and Brian Falvey are now also CAP-wide OpSec Officers • CAP/COO and CAP-USAF/CC requested to appoint an OpSec review panel to study all aspects of CAP OpSec • Likely to be complex with many ramifications to how we do business, not just in Comm • Timeline unknown ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

24. NTC Move ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

25. FOUO • Military terminology is changing • “FOUO” to be replaced with “CUI” for Controlled Unclassified Information or simply “Controlled” • CAP implementation requires reg changes, document updates • Details coming ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

26. Questions? Michael Marek HQ CAP Communication Plans and Requirements Division Head mmarek@cap.gov dokp@capnhq.gov ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

27. New Table of Allowances (TA) ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

28. New Table of Allowances (TA) • Prescribes what types and quantities of radio equipment the USAF will fund • Prescribes what types and quantities of radio equipment the NTC may provide to Wings for their units. • Includes both discrete numbers and algorithmic calculations depending on equipment type and use ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

29. New Table of Allowances (TA) • New TA has reduced quantities of radios and authorized users/uses. • No longer providing base/mobile/HF equipment below Wing • Only Wing Message Center Stations (MSC) supported with HF base radios • Increased to 6 HTs for each Ground Team (2 per 6000 sq. mi) • No radios for POVs only COVs • New radios to be distributed based on the new TA and old EFJs will be returned to the NTC if replaced with new. ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

30. ORWG TA Analysis ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar

31. Discussion ORWG December 2018 Communications Webinar