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Accelerator based experimental particle physics

This document highlights the experimental challenges faced by collider experiments at CERN and Fermilab from 1989 to 2008, focusing on the LEP, Tevatron, and LHC projects. It details the instrumentation and technology used, particularly in the ATLAS experiment, and discusses the physics requirements for detecting phenomena such as Higgs boson decays, SUSY, and top quark production. Additionally, it outlines future developments, including necessary upgrades for enhanced luminosity and improved detector performance, which are crucial for extending the physics reach of forthcoming collider runs.

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Accelerator based experimental particle physics

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  1. Accelerator based experimental particle physics Experimental Challenges of Big Collider Experiments DELPHI@LEP 1989 - 2000 CERN D0@Tevatron 2001 - ~2008 Fermilab ATLAS@LHC ~2007 -> CERN Presented by Kerstin Jon-And 2003-03-06

  2. Collider experiments with SU participation The ATLAS instrumentation projects are a close collaboration between the Particle Physics and the Instrumentation Physics groups.

  3. Physics requirements (examples) H   photons em calorimeter mH~ 1.3 GeV (~ 1%) H  4 muons muon tracking mH~ 3.6 GeV in mag. field (~ 2%) SUSY jets hadron missing ET calorimeter (~ 4%@400GeV) top e, , jets B physics vertex inner detector R~ 12 m (pixel)  ~ 1ps tracking

  4. Inner detector Electromagnetic calorimeter Hadron calorimeter Muon system Photons Electrons Charged hadrons Neutral hadrons Muons Neutrinos and neutralinos

  5. CERN LEP/LHC SPS

  6. Fermilab

  7. ATLAS Vikt 7000 t 22 m 44 m

  8. Subdetector technologies

  9. Higgsinto twophotonsnopile-up

  10. Higgsinto twophotonsL=10^34pile-up

  11. SMT ~ 793,000 readout channels ~6000 chips

  12. SMT ladder

  13. Sara at work at Fermilab testing Si detectors.

  14. ATLAS Tile calorimeter barrel, 64 modules à 6 m and 10 tons extended barrel extended barrel, 32 modules à 3 m

  15. Tilecal principle PMT WLS fiber scintillator iron particles

  16. Tilecal electronics requirements • To digitize PMT signals obtained from different calorimeter segments. • To provide a dynamic range of 16 bits for the energy measurements. Two versions of each signal, a high and a low gain, are presented to the digitizer, which contains the logic to choose gain. • To digitize data every 25 ns and store data in a pipeline for at least 2.5 s awaiting the Lvl1 decision. • To be sufficiently radiation tolerant. • Adopt the design to the space available inside the “drawers”.

  17. Digitizer boards 256 “super drawers” with 6 or 8 boards  ~ 2000 boards

  18. boss boss technical genius (prof) administrative boss(prof) Tilecal m’g’ment @ CERN technical experts (PhD stud) local engin. U. of Clermont-F industry 1 LHCK GRID industry 2 industry 8 industry 9 industry 10 QC 2000 digitizers ATLAS in the pit 2007 Tilecal @ CERN physics data!! Tilecal electronics SU

  19. Jonas and Magnus at work at Tilecal digitizer test bench

  20. Pre-assembly of Tilecal: 20.01.2003 - 14 Modules

  21. FUTURE developments? Upgrading the LHC … the SLHC D0 upgrade for run IIb in 2006 - ongoing at Fermilab From presentation by R. Cashmore ATLAS week Feb. 2003 • Initial Studies • Physics • Detector R&D Detector development for a linear e+e- collider?

  22. + Talks by F. Gianotti, D. Green and F. Ruggiero at the ICFA Seminar (Oct 2002) References

  23. From presentation by R. Cashmore ATLAS week Feb. 2003 Conclusions • LHC luminosity upgrade can extend: • physics reach of LHC at a moderate extra cost relative to initial LHC investment. • the LHC ‘lifetime’ • To realise this reach, the LHC detectors must preserve performance: • trackers must be rebuilt, and • calorimeters, muon systems, triggers and DAQ need development. • Upgrades programme, from launch to data taking will take 8-10 years • The time to start is soon. • If the path of going to higher luminosities is chosen then need to • support a detector and acceleratorR&D programme similar to the DRDC* one but perhaps more directed. • * Current LHC detector technologies were chosen after a very successful Detector R&D programme launched by CERN in early 90’s

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