Synbiotic

1. Synbiotic Dr. Bhavesh Patel(M.Sc., Ph.D.) Principal V.P. and R.P.T.P. Science College Vallabh Vidyanagar Email – bhavesh1968@rediffmail.com

2. Synbiotic Probiotic Prebiotic Synbiotic “Synbiotic is a supplement that contains both a Prebiotic and Probiotic that work together to improve the friendly flora of human intestine. A synbiotic product is therefore considered as Functional food”

3. Probiotic (for life) • The food that contains live microorganisms that are beneficial to the host by improving its intestinal microbial balance. • Organisms that are commonly used as Probiotic are:- Lactobacillus acidophilus, L.casei, L.bulgaricus, L.plantarum, Lactococcus lactis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacter bifidum, B.adolescentis, B.animalis, B.infantis

4. Probiotic (History) • Henry Tissier from Pasteur institute was the first to isolate bifidobacterium. He isolated the bacterium from breast fed infant named it as Bacillus bifidus communis. Later named as Bifidobacterium bifidum. • In 1920 Rettger demonstrated that Metchnikoff’s “Bulgarian bacillus”, later called Lactobacillus bulgaricus, could not live in the intestine rather they support the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus which is a common inhabitant of human digestive tract. • The term “Probiotics” was introduced in 1953 by Kollath

5. Prebiotic • Nondigestible food ingredient that beneficially affects the host by stimulating the growth, activity or both. • Common food ingredients used as Prebiotic are:- -Fructo Oligo Saccharide (FOS) -Inulin -Gelato Oligo Saccharide (GOS) -Lactulose -Lactitol

6. An effective Probiotic Should :- • be beneficial to the host. • be non pathogenic and non toxic. • contain large number of viable cells. • be capable of metabolizing and surviving in the gut. • remain viable during the storage and use. • colonies in the gut and remain their for long.

7. A Prebiotic food Should :- • not be hydrolyzed or absorbed in the upper part of gastrointestinal tract. • function as selective food for one or limited number of beneficial bacteria in intestine. • be able to alter the micro flora towards a more healthier composition.

8. The resultant Probiotic organisms upon fermentation of prebiotic food produces a number of beneficial products like :- • Short chain fatty acids acetate, propionate and butyrate. • Hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and methane gas. • Lactate, pyruvate, succinate and formate.

9. Synbiotic - Trial combinations Bifidobacteria + FOS Bifidobacteria + GOS Lactobacilli + Lactitol Lactobacilli + Inulin • Fermented milks (curd, yogurt, kefir) are considered to be true synbiotic products, i.e. functional foods, since they supply live bacteria and the food they need to survive.

10. Synbiotic - dose Typically, a synbiotic product containing one to ten billion active cells, is taken several times a week. In cases where antibiotics have been taken, it is suggested that such a product must be taken several times a day, preferably at least 30 min. before meals.

11. Synbiotic - Advantages • Heal and regulate the intestinal flora, particularly after the destruction of microorganisms following antibiotic, chemotherapy or radiation therapies. • Helps in proper digestion and absorption of food. • It also suppress the development of putrefactive processes and thus prevents many serious diseases. • Regulates the immune system. • Antimicrobial and anticarcinogenic ?