1. Filippo Brunelleschi Cole Griffin

2. LIFE • Born 1377 in Florence, Italy • Guild master goldsmith • Began to renovate building, growing interest in architecture • 1402-1404: Trip to Rome with Donatello to study ruins • Died April 16, 1446 – buried in the Florence Cathedral crypt

3. Significant works • Florence Cathedral • Basilica di San Lorenzo • Basilica di Santa Maria dSantoSpirito • Pazzi Chapel • Palazzo Pitti • OspedaledegliInnocenti • Sacrifice of Isaac

4. Florence Cathedral • Originally started in 1296, Brunelleschi was commissioned to work on the dome in 1419, after defeating Ghiberti in a competition • Construction of dome finished in 1436 • Later addition of a lantern began in 1446, finished • Most prominent of Brunelleschi’s work • Inner and outer shells of self-supporting stone chains

5. Basilica di San Lorenzo • Large church in market district of Florence • Giovanni Medici funded the creation of this church, Brunelleschi was commissioned in 1419 • Brunelleschi died (1446) before the church was completed, another architect (either Manetti or Michelozzo) completed it • Specific proportionality schemes and classical styles

6. Basilica di Santa Maria del Santo Spirito • “Saint Mary of the Holy Spirit” • Designs began in 1428 • Consists of 38 side chapels • Transepts form a cross from above • Brunelleschi died, completed by Manetti, Gaiole, and d’Andrea

7. Pazzi Chapel • Located in a cloister of the Basilica di Santa Croce • Funded by Andrea Pazzi, head of Pazzi family • Planning began in1429, finished in 1460s • Brunelleschi is credited with plans, but no further execution • Small dome structure, façade resembles roman temple

8. Palazzo Pitti • Palace of Luca Pitti, banker • Although Brunelleschi was not alive when construction started (1458), he is credited with designing the palace • Fancelli, Brunelleschi’s pupil, is often credited with the design as well • Largest palace in Italy, aside from the Vatican • Symmetrical, use of half-columns, masonry, etc. • Now Polo MusealeFiorentino, a museum with 20 separate galleries

9. OspedaledegliInnocenti • “Hospital of the Innocents” • Commissioned in 1419 by Silk Guild of Florence • Children’s orphanage • Design influenced by classical Roman and Gothic architecture

10. Sacrifice of Isaac • Competition for bronze door commission by the Baptistery of Florence held by Wool Merchants’ Guild, 1401 • Best plaque that depicts the Sacrifice of Isaac wins the commission • Tie between Brunelleschi and Ghiberti, both are offered to work on the doors, however Brunelleschi refuses to out of pride

11. Impact • Introduced many concepts and techniques that would carry on throughout out the Renaissance • Classical Roman architecture • Ideal proportionality • Linear perspective (depth on flat surface) • Advancements in engineering • Introduces three speed hoist • Boat design (made for carrying marble slabs) • Scenic machines