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Storage Facilities

This document presents a streamlined approach to water and grain storage, aimed at ensuring efficient use and sustainability. It discusses family size estimates, average water consumption per person, and the shape of storage tanks that optimize space. With calculations for total water needs for a community and the design of cylindrical storage tanks, the findings offer insight into cost-effective solutions. Additionally, it addresses grain storage requirements, highlights the advantages of cylindrical silos, and provides a framework for determining costs associated with materials.

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Storage Facilities

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  1. Storage Facilities CJ Developments Jin Ho Lee JeongEun ParkCara Leong Dang Wan Kim Caroline Poot

  2. Our Process • Research • Consolidation • Answers

  3. How many people in a family? • 2.61 children born/woman (CIA World Factbook) • Round 2.61 children to 3 children • Add 2 parents • Equals 5 people in a family! • However, our group mostly has 4 people in each family, so: • 4 ± 1 people in a family!

  4. Water

  5. Starting Questions • How much water does each person use? • What do we use water for? • What is the best shape to store water in?

  6. Answering Questions • What do we use water for? • Drinking • Bathing • Washing (dishes, laundry) • Toilets • Cooking

  7. Answering Questions • How much water does an average person use? • Internet research • 69.3 gallons per person for indoor purposes () • laundry, shower, toilets, cooking, drinking • Convert into litres • 1 gallon = 3.78541178 litres 69.3 gallons ≈263 litres • Leeway: 263 ± 2 litres

  8. Answering Questions • What is the best shape to store water in? • Perimeter and Circumference vs. Area (of 2-D objects) • Circle vs. Square • Real life examples • A cylinder is the best shape to store water in

  9. How to calculate Surface Area • Surface area of a cylinder is calculated by: • Closed  (2πrh) + (2πr2) • = 2πr(r+h) • Open  2πrh + πr2 • When r = radius of the cylinder’s base circle • h = the height of the cylinder r h

  10. How to calculate volume • The volume of a cylinder that has a radius of r: • π × r2 × h • Since a cylinder is a prism, the volume = base area × height r h

  11. Calculation • Total amount of water needed for entire village: • 263 ± 2 L × 4 ± 1 people × 50 families × 14 days = 736 400 ± 26% L = 736 400 ± 200 000 L • Volume of storage tank: 736 400 ± 200 000 L of water = 736.4 ± 200 m3 • This way, both the different sizes of family and different consumption of water are accounted for • Maximum  756.4m3 (around 757m3) • Minimum716.4m3 (around 717m3)

  12. Best Choice (Max. Volume)

  13. Radius vs. Height vs. Total Cost

  14. Best Choice (Min. Volume)

  15. Radius vs. Height vs. Total Cost

  16. Justification • Viability vs. Cost • Is it really that good to have a 26± 1m structure? • Is it possible to have a 26 ±1m structure that will hold its weight? • Amount of water used: • Leeway for water use of people in case they need more water • Level of Accuracy (nearest whole number): • Easier to see the difference between figures

  17. Justification • For the cheapest cost, the height of the cylinder will be at least 25m, which is too high • Water pressure • For stability, if the radius is 1m larger, the height goes down by almost 10m • Stability, pressure distribution

  18. Our Storage Tank • Has a capacity of 7437 000 ± 200 000L • Is in the shape of a cylinder • Dimensions: • Radius: 4 metres • Height: 14.5 ± 0.5 metres • Cost: $14700 ± 150

  19. How did we get our numbers? • Base area: π × r2 • Height: Volume needed (m3) ÷ base area • Total surface area: 2πr(r+h) • Cost of metal: $ (14 × total surface area) • Volume of concrete: (radius + 0.5m)2 × 0.2m • Cost of concrete: $ (640 × volume of concrete) • Total cost: $ (Cost of metal + cost of concrete)

  20. Grain

  21. Starting Questions • What kind of grain are we storing? • How much grain are we putting in storage? • What kind of shape is the best for storing the grain?

  22. Answering Questions • What kind of grain are we storing? • Grain can be used to make many types of food • Rice, corn, oats, rye • Bread • for our purposes, we’ll pretend that we’re storing rice

  23. Answering Questions • How much grain are we putting in storage? • The space that the cooked rice takes up is 3-4 times the space that uncooked rice takes up • Each person eats about 300cm3 of cooked rice per meal • 300cm3 of cooked rice ≈ 100cm2 of uncooked rice

  24. Answering Questions • What kind of shape is best for storing the grain? • Real life examples • Cylinder has the largest area for a fixed perimeter • Cylinders are also used for silos

  25. Examples of Grain Storage http://www.mawaterquality.org/gallery/photos/hog%20grain%20storage.jpg http://www.dengie-crops.com/media/silos%20and%20lorry.JPG

  26. Calculation • 100cm3 uncooked rice × 3 meals × 4 people × 50 families × 14 days = 840 000 cm3 of uncooked rice • 840 000cm3 = 0.84m3 • Shed has to have a volume of 0.84m3 • round to 1m3

  27. Best Choice for Grain Storage

  28. Justification • With radius of 0.2 the height have to be 8 to hold 0.84m3.

  29. Justification • Having a same cost stability will be better. • So having lower height with longer radius is safer to hold the weight. • It has plenty of space to put in a lot of grain

  30. Our Grain Silo • Is cylindrical • Has a capacity of 1m3 • Dimensions: • Cost: • Of metal sheet: $100 ± 10 ($97.30) • Of concrete: $150 ± 10 ($144.80) • Total cost: $250 ± 20 ($242.10)

  31. Work cited • Where we got the amount of food and water per person :http://www.newsobserver.com/weather/drought/story/1016009.html. 1 Dec. 2008 <http://www.newsobserver.com/weather/drought/story/1016009.html>. :https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/. 1 Dec. 2008 <https://www.cia.gov/ library/publications/the-world-factbook/>. • Where we got the image of grain storage : http://www.dengie-crops.com/media/silos%20and%20lorry.JPG. 1 Dec. 2008 <http://www.dengie-crops.com/media/silos%20and%20lorry.JPG>. : http://www.mawaterquality.org/gallery/photos/hog%20grain%20storage.jpg. 1 Dec. 2008 <http://www.mawaterquality.org/gallery/photos/hog%20grain%20storage.jpg>.

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