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LAOS: L ayered WWW A HS Authoring Model and their corresponding Algebraic O perator s

LAOS: L ayered WWW A HS Authoring Model and their corresponding Algebraic O perator s. Alexandra I. Cristea. USI intensive course “Adaptive Systems” April-May 200 3. Overview: LAOS. What is LAOS Concept based adaptation LAOS components Why LAOS? LAOS authoring steps

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LAOS: L ayered WWW A HS Authoring Model and their corresponding Algebraic O perator s

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  1. LAOS:Layered WWW AHS Authoring Model and their corresponding Algebraic Operators Alexandra I. Cristea USI intensive course “Adaptive Systems”April-May 2003

  2. Overview: LAOS • What is LAOS • Concept based adaptation • LAOS components • Why LAOS? • LAOS authoring steps • Future developments

  3. What is LAOS?

  4. What is LAOS ? • a generalized model for generic adaptive hypermedia authoring • based on the AHAM model • based on concept maps • http://wwwis.win.tue.nl/~alex/HTML/Minerva/papers/WWW03-cristea-mooij.doc

  5. Concept-based adaptation

  6. Typical adaptivity • Most AS = rule-based, i.e.: • Adaptation : conditional rules: IF <PREREQUISITE> THEN <ACTION>

  7. Adaptive navigation & presentation

  8. Adaptive navigation & presentation

  9. Adaptive navigation & presentation

  10. Adaptive navigation & presentation

  11. Adaptive navigation & presentation

  12. Adaptive navigation & presentation

  13. Adaptive navigation & presentation

  14. Adaptive navigation & presentation

  15. LAOS components

  16. LAOS components • domain model (DM), • goal and constraints model (GM), • user model (UM), • adaptation model (AM) and • presentation model (PM)

  17. Why LAOS?

  18. General motivation for layer distributed information • Flexibility • Expressivity (semantics: also meta-data) • Reusability • Cooperation • Standardization

  19. LAOS motivation in detail • Why domain model (DM) ? • Why goal and constraints model (GM)? • Why user model (UM)? • Why adaptation model (AM)? and • Why presentation model (PM)?

  20. LAOS motivation in detail • Why domain model (DM) ? • Because of historical AHS, ITS, AHAM • Why goal and constraints model (GM)? • Why user model (UM)? • Why adaptation model (AM)? and • Why presentation model (PM)?

  21. LAOS motivation in detail • Why domain model (DM) ? • Why goal and constraints model (GM)? • Why user model (UM)? • Because of historical ITS, AHS, AHAM • Why adaptation model (AM)? and • Why presentation model (PM)?

  22. LAOS motivation in detail • Why domain model (DM) ? • Why goal and constraints model (GM)? • Why user model (UM)? • Why adaptation model (AM)? and • Because of AHAM • Why presentation model (PM)?

  23. LAOS motivation in detail • Why domain model (DM) ? • Why goal and constraints model (GM)? • Why user model (UM)? • Why adaptation model (AM)? and • Why presentation model (PM)? • Because of Kuypers, AHAM

  24. LAOS motivation in detail • Why domain model (DM) ? • Why goal and constraints model (GM)? • Because of book metaphor • Why user model (UM)? • Why adaptation model (AM)? and • Why presentation model (PM)?

  25. GM book metaphor • generally speaking, when making a presentation, be it on the Web or not, we base this presentation on one or more references. Simplifying, a presentation is based on one or more books. • With this in mind it is obvious why we cannot jump from the DM to the AM (or UM): it would be equivalent to skip the presentation and just tell the user to read the book. • So, the search space is too big and there is a too high degree of generality (no purposeful orientation of the initial material - i.e., book).

  26. GM motivation • So, what we need is an intermediate authoring step that is goal and constraints related: • goals to give a focused presentation, and • constraints to limit the space of the search . • Simplifying, we can consider • the goal as being a specific end-state, and • the constraint to be defined as a sub-layer of GM

  27. STEP 1: write concepts + concept hierarchy STEP 2: define concept attributes (main and extra attributes) STEP 3: fill concept attributes (write contents) STEP 4: add content related adaptive features regarding GM (design alternatives – AND, OR, weights, etc.) STEP 5: add UM related features (simplest way, tables, with attribute-value pairs for user-related entities (AHAM); UM can be represented as a concept map) STEP 6: decide among adaptation strategies, write in adaptation language medium-level adaptation rules or give the complete set of low level rules (such as condition-action (CA) or IF-THEN rules). STEP 7: define format (presentation means-related; define chapters) STEP 8: add adaptive features regarding presentation means (define variable page lengths, variables for figure display, formats, synchronizations points , etc.). Authoring steps in LAOS

  28. Future developments LAOS

  29. Future developments LAOS • Operators for each layer (partially done) • Automatic transformations between layers for authoring simplification (partially done) • Automatic concept linking (partially done) • Verification work of the different layers

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