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Civil servants and public sector employment

This overview explores the special characteristics of civil servants, the scope of civil service laws, their compensation, and the need for reforms. It examines the number of civil servants, their cost, and the factors for pay and employment reforms.

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Civil servants and public sector employment

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  1. Civil servants and public sector employment Nick Manning May 2001

  2. Overview • What is special about civil servants? • The scope of civil service laws • Who are civil servants? • How are they rewarded? • How many are there and how much do they cost? • When do pay and employment need to be reformed?

  3. What is special about civil servants? • appointed rather than simply hired • constraints on dismissal • constrained in their actions • within civilian central government or subnational government

  4. The scope of civil service laws

  5. Who are civil servants?

  6. total compensation personal emoluments How are they rewarded?

  7. Keep in mind • in OECD base pay is rarely below 90% of personal emoluments • allowances in developing countries can be very high • allowances not always easily traceable in the budget • intangible benefits can be significant

  8. Allowances can lead to significant wage distortions

  9. How many are there and how much do they cost?

  10. When do pay and employment need to be reformed? • no hard and fast metrics! • public sector wage bill as % of GDP or as % of total public sector spending • govt. employees as % of total population or as % of total employment • average wages compared to per capita GDP • recruitment growth rate

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