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Tidal Energy Potential & Future Contribution to UK Energy Mix

Tidal Energy Potential & Future Contribution to UK Energy Mix. Pilar Castillo 16.3.2010. Vertical difference in height between high & low water. Severn Estuary tidal range is 2 nd highest in the world – up to 14 meters 53TWh/y exploitable potential 14% of UK electricity generation.

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Tidal Energy Potential & Future Contribution to UK Energy Mix

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  1. Tidal EnergyPotential & Future Contribution to UK Energy Mix Pilar Castillo 16.3.2010

  2. Vertical difference in height between high & low water. Severn Estuary tidal range is 2nd highest in the world – up to 14 meters 53TWh/y exploitable potential 14% of UK electricity generation Categories: Tidal Range

  3. Categories: Tidal Range - Technologies

  4. Barrages & Lagoons: Severn project Existing hydro-electric technology Barrage: huge dam from A-B Generates energy ebb tide Max output: 8.6GW Unit cost electricity: 7.39p/KWh Public/private investment Added rail or road link Greater environmental damage Lagoon: rock walled enclosure Generates on both ebb & flow Max output: 4.5GW Unit cost electricity : 2-2.5-12-15p/KWh Privately funded Less intrusive, less damage Categories: Tidal Range - Severn

  5. Kinetic energy of moving water to power turbines Half the European resource 10-15% of the known global resource 12TWh/yr of UK Tidal Stream Resource economically exploited Potentially up to 3% electricity demand Categories: Tidal Stream

  6. Categories: Tidal Stream - Technologies

  7. Tidal Range Hybrid Lagoon barrage: Costly £10-12b (Severn) 7-10 years construction time Grid upgrading required Intrusive Predictable resource w/low maintenance Cost effective flood & coastal erosion control Strategic energy storage potential Tidal Stream Application of wind technology Water turbines greater output capacity than wind – water higher density Only one 1.2MW turbine installed in NI connected to grid generating full capacity Less intrusive than barrages Predictable No storage capacity Comparing tidal technologies

  8. Assumptions – Best Scenarios Tidal range: • Seven Estuary (from 2020 If decision reached this year) - Middle Barrage B3 (Cardiff – Weston) – 17TWh/y - Bridgewater Bay L3d – 2.64TWh/y - Combined B3 & L3d = 70.7PJ (5.6% of UK energy needs, 350TWh per year) • Cut 18m tonnes of GHG/y Tidal Stream: • 2020 – 2GW total installed capacity - 200 tidal stream farms (each 10.5MW) = 0.0072PJ total • 2030 – 3GW total installed capacity - 300 tidal stream farms (each 10.5MW) = 0.011 34PJ total

  9. Projections Tidal range: • Seven Estuary – Middle Barrage (Cardiff – Weston): 7.39 pence per kilowatt hour – Bridgewater Bay: 8.29 pence per kilowatt hour Tidal Stream: – Around 3-4 pence per kilowatt hour but cost will decrease once technology is deployed on a larger scale

  10. Thank you

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