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Conditionals

Stage 43 ATL I. Conditionals. What is a conditional?. Conditionals are introduced by either si or nisi There are two parts to every conditional: protasis - The first part of the conditional, dependent clause apodosis- The second part of the conditional, independent clause

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Conditionals

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  1. Stage 43 ATL I Conditionals

  2. What is a conditional? • Conditionals are introduced by either si or nisi • There are two parts to every conditional: • protasis- The first part of the conditional, dependent clause • apodosis- The second part of the conditional, independent clause • How you translate a conditional is dependent on the mood and tense of the verbs. • If you are Julius Caesar, then I am Mickey Mouse!

  3. Indicative Conditionals • Simple Present: present tense • sigaudēs, gaudeo. • If you rejoice, I rejoice. • Simple Past: imperfect or perfect • sidicebatis, audiebamus. • If you were speaking, we were listening. • sipugnavisti, vicisti. • If you fought you won.

  4. Indicative Conditionals Continued • Simple Future (Future more vivid): future or future perfect • siveniēs, gaudebimus. • if you come, we will rejoice. • sicaptaeris, omniaamiserimus. • If you are captured, we will have lost everything. • In English, we translate a future or future perfect verb in the portasis as if it were present tense.

  5. Examples • si vales, gaudeo. • siilludputas, longeerras. • sicurrebas, ambulabam. • si ad forum ambulo, panem emo. • si Romani ad Britanniamvenient, omnianecabunt.

  6. Subjunctive Conditionals • While indicative conditionals deal with potential facts; subjunctive conditionals are ideal rather than factual. • Future Less Vivid: present subjunctive and present subjunctive • If I “should verb” then I “would verb”. • siventusflet, arbor cadat. • Should / Would

  7. Subjunctive Conditionals • Present Contrary to Fact: imp. subjunctive and imp. subjunctive • If I “were verbing” then I “would verb”. • sipluresvirilaborarent, arbor non iamstaret. • Were / Would

  8. Subjunctive Conditionals • Past Contrary to Fact: pluperfect sub. and pluperfect sub. • If I “had verbed”, then I “would have verbed”. • nisi securemtulissem, arbor non cecidisset. • securem- axe • Had / Would have

  9. Subjunctive Conditionals • There is a pattern in all this madness:

  10. Examples • sidiligentiuslaboravissem, dominus me liberavisset. • siDomitianusnosadhucregeret, miserrimiessemus. • sihancmedicinambibās, statimconvalescās. • nisi ego tuumfundumadministrarem, tupauperrimusesses.

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