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Understanding XML: Its Role, Applications, and Comparison with SGML and HTML

This article explores XML (eXtensible Markup Language) and its significance in modern data interchange on the World Wide Web. It begins by discussing the evolution from HTML and SGML, highlighting the limitations of HTML that XML addresses. XML's structure allows for industry-specific markup and efficient electronic data exchange, making it a preferred choice for many applications. The document provides an XML file sample, explanations of elements, and details about the advantages of XML over other markup languages, including its relevance in technology like EDI and data interchange.

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Understanding XML: Its Role, Applications, and Comparison with SGML and HTML

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Presentation Transcript

  1. XML

  2. Topics: • XML and its relation to SGML and HTML • Applications of XML

  3. Introduction The extraordinary growth of the World Wide Web  The advent of Hypertext Markup Language(HTML)  The limitations of HTML  The introduction of XML  XML and/vs Java

  4. XML and its relation to SGML and HTML: a discussion of: What is XML?  XML verse SGML  XML verse HTML  Why XML?

  5. XML  XML:Extensible Markup Language.  Developed by:World Wide Web Con. (W3C)  Purpose: industry-specific markup, electronic data exchange  Made up of: elements, which contain either parsed or unparsed data.  DTD: Document type definition

  6. XML file sample <?xml version= '1.0'?> <!DOCTYPE PATIENTRECORD [ <!ELEMENT PATIENTRECORD (PATIENT)*> <!ELEMENT PATIENT (LASTNAME, FIRSTNAME, MEDICAL_HISTORY, PHONE_NO)> <!ELEMENT LASTNAME (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT FIRSTNAME (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT MEDICAL_HISTORY (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT PHONE_NO (#PCDATA)> ]> <PATIENTRECORD> <PATIENT> <LASTNAME>Anderson</LASTNAME> <FIRSTNAME>Robert</FIRSTNAME> <MEDICAL_HISTORY>Flue, june 98</MEDICAL_HISTORY> <PHONE_NO>334-884-9999</PHONE_NO> </PATIENT>

  7. XML Verse SGML SGML: Standard Generalized Markup Language, created in 1986, it is for definition of platform and system independent electronic data, it is flexible and complicated. XML: a subset of SGML, makes SGML easy to use

  8. XML Verse HTML

  9. Applications of XML • As a universal hub for database interchange •  Electronic data exchange between organizations • or applications. •  To distribute a significant proportion of the • processing load from the Web server to the • Web client. (vs Java?)

  10. XML as a universal hub for database interchange Database A Database B Database F Data displayed in XML format Database C Database E Database D

  11. Data display in HTML format can not be used for interchange Database A Database F Database B Data displayed in HTML format Database C Database E Database D

  12. XML for EDI EDI: Electronic Data Interchange  Problem with EDI: Format: X12 and EDIFACT are complicated Cost: expensive  XML for EDI: inexpensive, simple

  13. Mapping between Java Objects and XML Elements PATIENTRECORD PatientRecord PATIENT Patient

  14. Freely available software packages that can be used for experimentation • JDK1.2 • JSDK: Java Servlet Development Kit • XML4j1.1.14: XML Parser • Pi3Web: Web server • Netscape Browser

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