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Exploring Galaxies and Cosmic Structures: Insights from Redshift Surveys and the Millennium Simulation

This lecture delves into the vastness of the universe, showcasing recent redshift surveys conducted using advanced spectrographs at notable telescopes. It presents a detailed 3-D view of the galaxy distribution across 1.5 billion light-years, highlighting the structure of the cosmic web, voids, clusters, and the Great Attractor. With insights from the Millennium Simulation, we explore the dynamics of dark matter, cosmic expansion, and the evolution of galaxies. Discover our place in the universe and the limits of our observable domain.

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Exploring Galaxies and Cosmic Structures: Insights from Redshift Surveys and the Millennium Simulation

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Lecture 22 Updated

  2. Galaxies Projected on the Sky Big Dipper at same scale 2 million faint galaxies

  3. Recent Redshift Surveys Spectrograph with 400 Fibers 150 inch Anglo Australian Telescope

  4. Recent Redshift Surveys 640 Fiber Spectrograph Sloan Digital Sky Survey 100 inch Telescope

  5. 3-D view of slice of sky A Slice of Sky, Viewed in 3-D 2-D view of sky We are here

  6. Distance to Virgo Cluster The Galaxy Distribution 1.5 Billion light years 1.0 0.5 We are here

  7. The Visible Universe 13.7 Bly 2 Bly Region currently mapped MW galaxy (20 yds) Visible Limit

  8. Voids Clusters Chains/sheets The Cosmic Web 1.5 Billion light years 1.0 0.5 We are here

  9. Millennium Simulation Computing Power: the Millennium Simulation 1010 108 Number of Particles 106 104 102 2010 1990 2000 1980 1970 Year

  10. zoom pan 60 M-ly thick 1.0 B-ly (18 million halos) Dark Matter Zoom and pan across the main image. Then pan back out and dissolve into the alaxies image Galaxies (2 million)

  11. 1 Bly Real galaxy maps 2 Bly 2 Bly Millennium simulation 1 Bly

  12. Formation of filaments

  13. Power P(k) wiggles long waves short waves Spatial Frequency: k peak

  14. CMB Sound Spectrum CMB peak Power P(k) wiggles long waves short waves Spatial Frequency: k

  15. cosmic expansion motion gravitational motion distance redshift pure cosmic expansion gravitational velocity distance redshift

  16. Out to 300 M-ly: the Great Attractor MW Centaurus 200 SG-y (Mly) 0 void 200 Great Attractor 200 0 200 200 0 200 Pisces- Perseus SG-x (Mly) SG-x (Mly)

  17. Out to 300 M-ly: the Great Attractor MW 200 SG-y (Mly) 0 200 200 0 200 200 0 200 SG-x (Mly) SG-x (Mly)

  18. Void Virgo Void MW Out to 100 M-ly: The Virgo Cluster 100 M-ly +

  19. Coma Shapley 900 M-ly Out to 900 M-ly: The Shapley Supercluster

  20. Shapley 900 M-ly Virgo Great Attractor Out to 900 M-ly: The Shapley Supercluster

  21. Virgo 500 M-ly MW Acceleration Freezes Structure Growth Today S = 1.0

  22. Virgo 500 M-ly MW Acceleration Freezes Structure Growth +14 Byr S = 2.5

  23. Virgo 500 M-ly MW Acceleration Freezes Structure Growth +28 Byr S = 5.8

  24. Virgo 500 M-ly MW Acceleration Freezes Structure Growth Event Horizon +100 Byr S = 166

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