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PART ONE EVOLUTION. CHAPTER ONE DEFINING PUBLIC RELATIONS. Markers of Public Relations Growth. United States growth: 200,000 U.S. public relations professionals Employment growth increasing faster than average through the year 2010
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PART ONE EVOLUTION CHAPTER ONE DEFINING PUBLIC RELATIONS
Markers of Public Relations Growth United States growth: • 200,000 U.S. public relations professionals • Employment growth increasing faster than average through the year 2010 • The amount of respect and public relations spending are correlated among Fortune 500 companies
Markers continued • Education growth: • 250 colleges and universities in the U.S. and overseas have public relations programs
Markers continued • Government growth: • U.S. government large employer of public relations practitioners • Includes: Army, Navy, Air Force, and the U.S. Information Agency
Markers continued • Professional Associations Growth • Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) has 20,000 members in 117 chapters • The International Association of Business Communicators (IABC) has 13,500 members in more than 58 countries.
Markers continued • International Association growth: • International Public Relations Association (IPRA) with membership in Latin America, Africa, Europe, and China
Public relations roots provide the foundation • “a democratic society where people have freedom to debate and make decisions—in the community, the marketplace, the home, the workplace, and the voting booth. Private and public organizations depend on good relations with groups and individuals whose opinions, decisions and actions affect their vitality and survival.”
What is Public Relations? Defining the field
“Public relations is a planned process to influence public opinion, through sound character and proper performance, based on mutually satisfactory two-way communication.”
Defining the Field • Many definitions 1975 commissioned study found 472 definitions reduced to an 88-word definition. 1980 Task force offered two definitions
Public Relations definition by PRSA Task Force: • Public relations helps an organization and its publics adapt mutually to each other. Public relations is an organization’s efforts to win the cooperation of groups of people.
Marston’s Four Step Modelencompasses the process: • Research • Action • Communication • Evaluation
R-A-C-E Research–Action–Communication-Evaluation
Two Elements that Guide the Process • Management • Action
Sharpe’s Five Principles • Honest communication • Openness and consistency • Fairness of actions • Two-way communication • Research and Evaluation
Public Relations professionalsserve as interpreters for the organization. Let me show you the way…… Call out
Interpretation for management: • Philosophies, policies, programs, practices • Convey attitudes • Communicate truthfully and correctly
Interpretation to management: • Management has a need to know • What the public thinks about the organization and its practices
What recent events have occurred in which organizations were not interpreting public views?
Publics • Internal • External • Interdependence • Networks • Systems
Publics • Key groups • Classification system based on • Issue, organization, viewpoint, time, • Interest, location, values, lifestyle, relationship
Who makes up the publics at your college or university? • Clue: Break it down
Why are publics important to organizations? • Clue: To know them is to please them.
Public relations, marketing and advertising….aren’t they all the same?
Marketing and advertising promotes a product or service Public relations promotes the entire organization.
Writing Media relations Planning Counseling Researching Publicity Marketing Communications Community relations Consumer relations Employee relations Government affairs Investor relations Special public relations Public affairs & issues management Web site development and interface Functions of Public Relations
Spin versus Public Relations • Differences • Issues • Implications
How do you answer when someone says public relations equals spin doctors? • Clue: Ethics
Competent Practitioners • Do you have the right stuff? • Academic background • Technical skills • Personal characteristics