Presentation Package for Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

1. All rights reserved Presentation Package for Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e Section II: Concept 04 The Health Benefits of Physical Activity Physical activity and good physical fitness can reduce risk of illness and contribute to optimal health and wellness. Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

2. Physical Activity and Health • What physical activity can do for health • Reduces risks of many chronic diseases • Promotes weight control • Slows premature aging • Improves quality of life Physical activity is not a panacea for all medical conditions but it is probably the best single thing a person can do for their health Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

3. Web04-02 (SeDS) HypokineticConditions • Cardiovascular disease • Cancer • Back problems • Obesity • Diabetes • Osteoporosis • Mental health What is SeDS? Subsequent slidesprovide detail on eachof these conditions Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

4. Lab 4ainformation CardiovascularDisease • Coronary heart disease (CHD) • #1 cause of death • Stroke • #3 cause of death Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

5. Modifiable Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease • Smoking • Hypertension • Hypercholesterolemia • Physical inactivity • Overweight / overfat American Heart Association Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

6. Physical Activity and the Healthy Heart • Produces a strong heart muscle • Promotes good collateral circulation Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

7. Physical Activity and Atherosclerosis • Lowers blood lipid levels • Increases HDL cholesterol(the “good” cholesterol) • Reduces fibrin deposits (blood coagulation) Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

8. Activity Reduces Coronary Heart Disease Risk It takes only a moderateamount of physical activity to reduce health risks of CHD. CHDRISK Level of Physical Activity Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

9. Physical Activity & Other Cardiovascular Diseases • Reduced risk of high blood pressure (hypertension) • Reduced the risk of stroke • Prevention of peripheral vascular disease • Reduction in CVD deaths • Associated with metabolic syndrome Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

10. Metabolic Syndrome(Syndrome X) • Opposite of poor metabolic fitness, as discussed in Concept 1. • People with atleastthree of the following characteristics have metabolic syndrome: • blood pressure above 135/85 • a fasting blood sugar level of ≥ 110 • blood triglycerides of ≥ 150 • low blood HDL level (< 40), and/or • high abdominal circumference(≥ 40” for men or 35” for women). Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

11. Physical Activity & Other Hypokinetic Conditions Cancer Diabetes Musculoskeletal Problems Obesity Emotional Health Immune System Alzheimer’s Disease & Dementia Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

12. Web04-08 Cancer • Second leading cause of death • Various types of cancer • Causes still largely unknown American Cancer Society Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

13. Activity Reduces the Risk of Some Cancers • Reduced transit time • Decreased risk of colon-rectal cancer • Reduced levels of hormones • Decreased risk of breast cancer and some reproductive cancers • Improved immune system • Reduced levels of body fat Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

14. Back Problems • 80% of the population will experience back pain at some point in their life • Back problems are a major cause of inactivity in adults Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

15. Activity Reduces Risk of Back Pain • Improves flexibility of joints and ligaments • Improves musculoskeletal strength and endurance Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

16. Obesity • Over half of the population in the United States is considered to be overweight • Obesity increases the risk of many other diseases Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

17. Activity Promotes Weight Control • Burns calories • Increases rate of metabolism • Promotes fat loss and preserves muscle Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

18. Web04-09 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) • Type I (juvenile onset) • Pancreas fails to produce insulin • Type 2 (adult onset) • Lack of sensitivity to insulin • Often caused by obesity American Diabetes Association Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

19. Activity Reduces Risks of Diabetes • Type 1 • Reduces disease risk • Increases quality of life • Type 2 • Decreased insulin requirement • Reduced fatness Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

20. Web04-10 Osteoporosis • Progressive loss of bone mineral density • Occurs commonly in old age • Occurs at an earlier age and more frequently in women than men • Factors associated with osteoporosis • Loss of sex hormones • Low calcium levels • Physical inactivity • High protein intake • Smoking • Caffeine National Osteoporosis Foundation Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

21. Physical Activity Reduces Risk of Osteoporosis • Increases peak bone mass • Slows decline in bone mass Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

22. Physical Activity Improves Emotional Health • Reduced depression • Reduced anxiety • Improved sleep(greater ability to relax) • Increased self-esteem Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

23. Physical Activity and Immune Function Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

24. PA & Alzheimer's Disease • Factors relating to heart health also contribute to brain health. • Studies indicate that PA and challenging mental activities are especially important among the lifestyle factors involved in maintaining brain health and preventing Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. • See In the News for details (p. 80) Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

25. Physical Activity & Aging • Slows aging • Acquired aging (related to lifestyle) • Compression of morbidity • Time-dependent aging cannot be altered Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

26. Activity Aging Cycle Decrease Physical Activity Physical Gain Weight Deterioration Lose Energy Perceive Self As Old Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

27. Physical Activity & Wellness • Good physical fitness and regular physical activity are important for optimal wellness. • Good physical fitness: • helps you enjoy leisure • helps you work more effectively and efficiently • keeps body functioning effectively • is the basis for dynamic and creative activity • can help you function safely and meet emergencies • PA – major part of most employee health promotion programs Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

28. Factors that Cannot be Altered • Age • Heredity • Gender Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

29. Factors that Can be Altered • Physical activity • Diet • Stress • Tobacco use • Body (fatness) • Blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure • Reducing your risk of diseases • See Table 5, p. 77 – Hypokinetic Disease Risk Factors Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

30. Summary • Regular physical activity and good fitness can promote good health, help prevent disease, and be a part of disease treatment. • Too many adults suffer from hypokinetic diseases. • Many factors that are under your control (lifestyles). Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

31. Web Resources Online Learning Center “On the Web” pages for Concept Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

32. Supplementary Graphics Lab Information Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e

33. Lab 4a InformationAssessing Heart Disease Risk Factors Return to presentation • Complete the 10 questions on the Heart Disease Risk Questionnaire • Sum of 1 to 3 = unalterable risk factors • Sum of 4-10 = alterable risk factors • Calculate total risk and discuss your personal level of risk and what factors you might need to change. Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e