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Chapter 9, Lesson 3

Chapter 9, Lesson 3. ACOS #9 : List inadequacies of the Articles of Confederation and struggles over the ratification of the Constitution. ACOS #9a : List powers granted to Congress, the President, and those of the people.

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Chapter 9, Lesson 3

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  1. Chapter 9, Lesson 3 ACOS #9: List inadequacies of the Articles of Confederation and struggles over the ratification of the Constitution. ACOS #9a: List powers granted to Congress, the President, and those of the people. ACOS #9b: Discuss major ideas of the Constitution, including powers of the three branches of government. ACOS #9d: Describe the process by which territories achieve statehood under the Constitution.

  2. A Plan for Government • The US Constitution is the plan for our democracy • A democracy is a government in which the people have the power to make political decisions.

  3. The Preamble • In the Preamble, or beginning, the authors listed goals: -They hoped to create a country where people felt safe, could live together in peace, and could have good lives.

  4. The Preamble • “We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United State of America.”

  5. Branches of Government • After the Preamble, the rest of the constitution describes how the government works. • The Constitution divides the national government into three parts or branches: - Legislative - Executive - Judicial

  6. The Legislative Branch • This branch is called Congress • Makes laws for our country. • Congress has two parts: the Senate and House of Representatives. • Each state elects 2 senators to the Senate; The number of representatives is based on a state’s population. Congress has the power to raise taxes. It uses money to pay for goods and services such as our army.

  7. The Executive Branch • A President is elected every four years. • The head of this branch is the President. • The President is the commander of the United States military • This branch can suggest laws. It also carries out laws made by Congress.

  8. Judicial Branch Remember…Judges! • The Judicial Branch decides the meaning of laws and whether laws have been followed. • Many courts across the nation make up the Judicial Branch • The highest court is the Supreme Court

  9. Limits on Government • Three branches were created to make sure that the government’s power was limited. • Checks and balances were set up. • “Checks and balances” are a system that lets each branch limit the power of the other two. • Example: The President can veto, or reject, laws made by Congress. • Another example is the Judicial Branch can find a law unconstitutional. • Unconstitutional means that it does not follow the rules of the Constitution.

  10. The Federal System • The Constitution created a federal system. • The federal government has a national government and a state government. Each has certain powers. • The federal government has power over issues that affect the whole country. • States have more power over local issues such as public education and elections. • When a state law and a federal law do not agree, the federal law must be obeyed.

  11. Changing the Constitution • The authors knew the nation would change and grow. • They included a way to add amendments. • An amendment is a way to change the Constitution. • In 1790, the Constitution did not protect the rights of all people. The rights of women, African Americans, and the poor were ignored. • Amendments have helped to secure these rights.

  12. Vocabulary Review democracy *A government in which the people make political decisions by voting *A system of separating government so each part keeps the others from taking too much power. Checks and balances *To refuse to approve veto *Not in agreement with the constitution unconstitutional *A change made to the Constitution amendment

  13. Vocabulary Review A written plan for government. constitution citizen An official member of a city, a state, or a nation. territory Land ruled by a national government but which has no representatives in the government. ordinance A law

  14. Vocabulary Review A system where states share power with the central government federal system A government in which the citizens elect leaders to represent them. republic When both sides give up something compromise To accept ratify

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