1293 Airport Road Beaver, WV 25813

1. Tool Safety Vincent J. Giblin, General President Phone: (304) 253-8674 Fax: (304) 253-7758 E-mail: hazmat@iuoeiettc.org 1293 Airport Road Beaver, WV 25813

2. This material was produced under grant number 46C5-HT16 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

3. Tool Safety Subpart I “Tools” Hand and Power 1926.300 to 307

4. Introduction A tool is an object used to perform work. Tools injure or kill thousands of workers each year. The tools being referred to are:  Hand tools  Power tools  Abrasive tools  Woodworking tools  Jacks  Air receivers  Mechanical power transmission apparatus Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

5. Introduction This is largely due to lack of proper guarding in areas such as:  Rotating or moving parts  Over grinding wheels  When the tool is designed to have them Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

6. Introduction Many injuries happen because tools were modified, defective, or used improperly. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

7. Introduction It is very hard to work without tools. This presentation of “Tool Safety” will help you to recognize hazards and minimize potential accidents. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

8. 1926.300General Requirements All hand and power tools and similar equipment, whether furnished by the employer or the employee, shall be maintained in a safe condition. They should be inspected for any defects. Operating and maintenance instructions should be made available and read by the operator. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

9. 1926.300General Requirements When power operated tools are designed to accommodate guards, they shall be equipped with such guards when in use. Point of operation  Ingoing nip points  Rotating parts  Flying chips and sparks Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

10. 1926.300General Requirements Guards are necessary when using tools in order to :  Keep particles from flying at you  Prevent contact with sharp edges such as saw blades  Keep you and your clothing from getting caught in the tool Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

11. 1926.300General Requirements The following are some of the machines which usually require point of operation guarding:  Guillotine cutters  Shears  Alligator Shears  Power presses  Milling machines  Power saws  Jointers  Portable power tools  Forming rolls and calenders Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

12. 1926.300General Requirements PPE--Employees using hand and power tools and exposed to the hazard of falling, flying, abrasive, and splashing objects shall be provided with the particular PPE necessary to protect them from the hazard. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

13. 1926.300General Requirements PPE--Employees using hand and power tools and exposed to harmful dusts, fumes, mists, vapors, or gases shall be provided with the particular PPE necessary to protect them from the hazard. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

14. 1926.301Hand tools Employers shall not issue or permit the use of unsafe hand tools. Wrenches, including adjustable, pipe, end, and socket wrenches shall not be used when jaws are sprung ( wider or less stable than designed) to the point that slippage occurs. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

15. 1926.301Hand tools Impact tools, such as drift pins, wedges, and chisels, shall be kept free of mushroomed heads (being soft and expanded from being struck). Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

16. 1926.301Hand tools The wooden handles of tools shall be kept free of splinters or cracks and shall be kept tight in the tool. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

17. 1926.302Power-operated hand tools When speaking of power tools, electrical tools are the most commonly used.  Drills  Grinders  Saws  Nailers  Chain Saws  Jacks Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

18. 1926.302Power-operated hand tools Electrical hand tools should follow these basic safety procedures:  Tools are to be double- insulated and grounded  Do not use in damp or wet conditions  Do not use kinked, frayed, or broken cords Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

19. 1926.302Power-operated hand tools Other sources of power for hand tools would include pneumatic, powder-actuated, fuel, and hydraulic fluid. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

20. 1926.302Power-operated hand tools Pneumatic tools use compressed air power for operation. These tools are very dangerous due to the pressurized air. Even at very low pressures, compressed air can cause injury. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

21. 1926.302Power-operated hand tools Pneumatic tools should follow these basic rules:  Never exceed safe operating pressures  Never point them at others  Never look into them  Use safety clips or retainers  Never reduce pressure to below 30 psi Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

22. 1926.302Power-operated hand tools Pneumatic tools should follow these basic rules:  Never use compressed air to clean work areas Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

23. 1926.302Power-operated hand tools Fuel powered tools are not to be operating while being refueled, serviced, or maintained. The fuel shall be transported, handled, and stored accordingly to OSHA’s Subpart F. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

24. 1926.302Power-operated hand tools When fuel powered tools are being used in enclosed spaces, the concentration of toxic gases must be assessed and the proper PPE is to be used. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

25. 1926.302Power-operated hand tools Hydraulic power tools operate by fluid under pressure. This fluid is to be fire resistant and retain its operating characteristics at the most extreme temperatures to which it will be exposed. The manufacturer’s safe operation pressures for hoses, valves, pipes, filters, and other fittings shall not be exceeded. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

26. 1926.302Power-operated hand tools Powder-actuated tools are to be operated only by employees who have been trained in the operation of the particular tool in use. These tools are to be tested every day before loading to see that safety devices are in proper working condition. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

27. 1926.302Power-operated hand tools Powder-actuated tools operate like guns. They are not to be loaded until just prior to the intended firing time and are never to be aimed at anyone. All tools should be used with the correct shield, guard, or attachment recommended by the manufacturer. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

28. 1926.303Abrasive wheels and tools When dealing with abrasive wheels and tools (usually saws and grinders) they must be supplied with sufficient power to maintain the spindle speed at safe levels under all conditions. Do not run a wheel or blade faster than its maximum rated capacity. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

29. 1926.303Abrasive wheels and tools Appropriate guarding must be used on tools, covering the spindle end, nut, and flange projections unless otherwise protected. The safety guard is to be mounted so as to maintain proper alignment with the wheel. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

30. 1926.303Abrasive wheels and tools All abrasive wheels are to be closely inspected and ring-tested before mounting. A ring test is a way of making sure an abrasive wheel is free of cracks and other effects. Upon tapping, undamaged wheel rings will sound clear, while damaged will sound flat. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

31. 1926.303Abrasive wheels and tools Protective eyewear is to be worn at all times when working with these tools except where adequate eye protection is afforded by eye shields which are permanently attached to the bench or floor stand. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

32. 1926.304Woodworking tools Woodworking tools would include circular saws, radial arm saws, crosscut saws, and ripsaws. This equipment shall be provided with a disconnect switch that can either be locked or tagged in the off position. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

33. 1926.304Woodworking tools Circular saws are to have the operating speed permanently marked on all circular saws over 20 inches in diameter or operating at over 10,000 peripheral feet per minute. These tools must also be properly guarded with hoods and covers. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

34. 1926.305 Jacks Types of jacks we may be referring to would be lever and ratchet, screw, and hydraulic. The manufacturers rated capacity shall be legibly marked on all jacks and shall not be exceeded. All jacks are to have a positive stop to prevent overtravel. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

35. 1926.305 Jacks Jacks are to be centered under the load on a firm and level foundation. Jacks being used on a constant basis should be inspected every 6 months. Those jacks subjected to an abnormal load or shock shall be inspected immediately before and after. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

36. 1926.306 Air receivers This area concerns compressed air receivers, and other equipment used for cleaning, drilling, hoisting, and chipping. Air receivers are storage tanks for compressed air. They must be installed above ground so that all drains, handholes, and manholes are easily accessible. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

37. 1926.306 Air receivers A drain pipe and valve shall be installed at the lowest point of every air receiver and should be cleaned often. An indicating pressure gage is to be readily visible. There should also be at least one or more spring-loaded safety valve. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

38. 1926.307 Mechanical power transmission apparatus. This section covers all types and shapes of power- transmission belts, rods, shafts, pulleys, gears, and similar devices when operating at 250 feet per minute or less. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

39. 1926.307 Mechanical power transmission apparatus. This apparatus has dangerous moving parts which must be guarded: Belts Gears Shafts Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

40. 1926.307 Mechanical power transmission apparatus. This apparatus has dangerous moving parts which must be guarded: Pulleys Drums Sprockets Fly wheels Spindles Chains Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

41. This material was produced under grant number 46C5-HT16 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

42. END • This publication was made possible by grant numbers 5 U45 ES06182-13 AND 5 U45 ES09763-13 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS, NIH. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program