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Nobelpris solceller och hållbar energi

Nobelpris solceller och hållbar energi. Undersökning. Scanna igenom nobelprize.org 863 pris Inga pris till solceller Varken solceller, eller andra hållbara energier: vind, vatten Solcellsteknik - indirekt Kärnkraft

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Nobelpris solceller och hållbar energi

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  1. Nobelpris solceller och hållbar energi

  2. Undersökning • Scanna igenom nobelprize.org • 863 pris • Inga pris till solceller • Varken solceller, eller andra hållbara energier: vind, vatten • Solcellsteknik - indirekt • Kärnkraft • Sökord: sustainableenergy, sustainablepower, solar energy, solar power, solar cell

  3. FYSIK Albert Einstein 1921 ”for his services toTheoreticalPhysics, and especially for hisdiscoveryof the lawof the photoelectriceffect” Föreläsning i Wien 1921 Ljus träffar en metallisk yta, elektroner slungas ut. Elektrisk ström bildas. E=hν. Ljus = kvanta (Max Planck 1918). Förklarade matematiskt hur det gick till. Användningsområde: solceller, ljuskänsliga dioder.

  4. ZhoresAlferov, Herbert Kroemer, Jack Kilby 2000 "withonehalfjointlytoZhores I. Alferov and Herbert Kroemer"for developingsemiconductorheterostructuresused in high-speed- and opto-electronics" and the otherhalfto Jack S. Kilby"for his part in the invention of the integratedcircuit”. Dagobertmacka av halvledare. Snabba transistorer. Microchip. Användningsområden: radiosatellit, cd-spelare, laserpekare, ljusdioder för bilar…. Rymdstationen Mir ”heterostructure solar cells”, spår dyra solceller men billig elektricitet. Kopplat pris: John Bardeen, William Shockley, Walter Brattain 1956 ”for theirresearches on semiconductors and theirdiscoveryof the transistor effect".

  5. Andre Geim, Konstantin Novoselov 2010 ”for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene”. Egenskaper: Kol, 1 atom tjockt (stabilt!), leder elektricitet & värme, transparent, väger inget Användningsområde (framtida): snabbare transistorer och datorer, touchscreens, kompositmaterial (plast), solceller…

  6. KEMI FOTOSYNTES Richard Willstätter 1915 föreslår att klorofyll spelar en aktiv roll i växter "for hisresearches on plant pigments, especiallychlorophyll”. Hans Fischer 1930 löser kemiska strukturen hos klorofyll ”for hisresearchesinto the constitutionofhaemin and chlorophyll and especially for hissynthesisofhaemin". Melvin Calvin 1961 för hur koldioxid fixeras i växter "for his research on the carbondioxide assimilation in plants". Johann Deisenhofer, Robert Huber, Hartmut Michel 1988 fotosyntesapparaten hos bakterier "for the determination of the three-dimensionalstructureof a photosyntheticreactioncentre".

  7. Donald Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn, Charles Pedersen 1987 "for theirdevelopment and useofmoleculeswithstructure-specificinteractionsofhighselectivity". Molekyler som kan känna igen varandra och välja vem de ska bilda större molekylkomplex med. Vissa metalliska övergående molekylkomplex är katalysatorer i fotokemiska processer (H2O blir H). Spelar roll i energiproduktion.

  8. Georg Olah 1994 effektivare sätt att utnyttja olja, återvinna koldioxid "for hiscontributiontocarbocationchemistry". Paul Crutzen, Mario Molina Sherwood Rowland 1995 ”for theirwork in atmosphericchemistry, particularlyconcerning the formation and decompositionofozone". Alan Heeger, Alan MacDiamid, HidekiShirakawa2000 ”for the discovery and developmentofconductive polymers". plast som leder elektricitet Gerhard Ertl 2007 Ykemi ’ "for his studies ofchemicalprocesses on solid surfaces". förnybara drivmedel (katalysatorytor), rena avgaser, studera nedbrytning av freon

  9. FRED WangariMaathai 2004 "for hercontributiontosustainabledevelopment, democracy and peace”. IPCC, Al Gore 2007 "for theireffortstobuildup and disseminate greaterknowledgeabout man-madeclimatechange, and tolay the foundations for the measuresthatareneededtocounteractsuchchange" . Säkerthetsfrågor: IAEA, Mohamed el Baradei 2005 "for theireffortstopreventnuclearenergy from beingused for militarypurposes and toensurethatnuclearenergy for peacefulpurposes is used in the safestpossibleway”. Pugwash, Joseph Rotblat 1995 ”for theireffortstodiminish the part played by nuclear arms in international politics and, in the longerrun, toeliminatesuch arms". International Physicians for the Prevention ofNuclearWars 1985 Linus Pauling 1962

  10. EGNA ASSOCIATIONER Nobelpristagare som engagerat sig i energifrågor efter att de fått priset PyotrKapitza 1978 "for hisbasic inventions and discoveries in the area oflow-temperaturephysics”. ”The choice of the theme for my Nobel lecture presents somedifficultyforme. Usually the lecture is connectedwithworkrecognized by the prize. In my case the prizewasawarded for work in lowtemperaturephysics, at temperaturesofliquid helium, a fewdegreesabove absolute zero. It so happenedthat I leftthisfieldsome 30 yearsago… Personally I amnowstudying plasma phenomena at thoseveryhightemperaturesthatarenecessary for the thermonuclearreactiontotakeplace… It is alsowellrecognizedthat at present the controlledthermonuclearreaction is the process for producingenergythatcaneffectivelyresolve the approaching global energycrisis, resulting from the depletionof fossil fuelsusednow as our principal energy source.” Steven Chu, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, William Phillips 1997 "for developmentofmethodsto cool and trap atoms with laser light".

  11. ATOMKRAFT Otto Hahn 1944"for hisdiscoveryof the fission ofheavynuclei". Fysikpris med anknytning: Chadwick 1935 (neutron), Fermi 1938 (kärnreaktioner med långsamma neutroner).

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