继续教育学院

1. 继续教育学院 School of Continuing Education, Jilin University 大学英语（二） 授课教师：张绪忠

2. New Practical English—Comprehensive, Book 2 Network Education College Jilin University Unit 7: Farewell Focal points Expressions and patterns related to farewell 2. Ways to say goodbye 3. Farewell letter and farewell speech 4. Text study: The Most Unforgettable Character I’ve Met 5. Grammar: Emphasis , Ellipsis and Inversion

3. 1. Expressions and patterns related of farewell(知识点1：告别常用语) • I’ve come to say goodbye, as I’m leaving for Canada tomorrow • 明天我要去加拿大，来向您辞行。 • Really? Couldn’t I persuade you to stay a couple of days more? • 真的吗？能否请您再多留些日子？ • Much as I wish to, I really can’t. • 我也很想再多住些日子，但确实不行。 • Could you stay a little longer? • 您能再多留几天吗？ • By the way, what time are you setting off? • 顺便问一下，您什么时候动身？ • I’m catching the 9:30 plane. • 我乘9：30 的飞机。 • Then please have your luggage ready. • 请把行李准备好。 • Our car will take you to the airport at 7:30. • 我们7：30 开车送您去机场。 • Thank you very much for coming to see me off. • 十分感谢您来送我。 • Not at all, it’s the least we could do. • 别客气，这是我们应该做的。

4. continued • Have you checked in yet? • 您检票了吗？ • Please convey our best regards to our old friends there. • 请转达我们对老朋友的问候。 • Sure. I hope we may welcome you in our country some day in the future. • 一定。希望将来有一天在我们国家迎接您。 • Thank you for all the trouble you’ve taken. • 谢谢您费心了。 • Goodbye and good luck! • 再见了，祝您好运！ • Hope you’ll have a pleasant trip! • 祝您旅途愉快！ • Have a nice trip. • 旅途愉快！ • Take care! • 一路保重！

5. Short conversation of farewell • Conversation 1 • A：I've come to say good-bye.B：When are you off ?A：I'm flying home on Sunday afternoon .B：Well , good-bye . See you soon .A：Please don't forget to say good-bye to the rest of the family for me .Conversation 2 • A：I'd like to say good-bye to everyone .B：What time are you going ?A：My plane leaves at 7:25.B：Well , good-bye and have a good trip!A：Good-bye . Remember to look me up if you're ever in Washington .

6. Continued • Conversation 3 • A：I'm calling to say good-bye .B：When do you leave?A: I'm catching the 11:00 train .B: Take care of yourself and don't forget to keep in touch .A: Goodbye .Thanks again for everything .Conversation 4 • A : I just dropped in to say good-bye.B : What time are you leaving ?A : I'm going to try to leave by 10:00.B : Take care and give my best to your parents .A : Good-bye . Hope to see you soon again next year .B : Don't forget to call us if you're in Tokyo.

7. A long dialogue of farewell • A: Here we are at the airport • B: It’s very kind of you to come and see me off, Mr. Zhang. • A: It’s my pleasure. It’s a pity that you have to go now. • B: Well, I’ve certainly had an excellent time here. My trip to China has been both enjoyable and productive. And you have been most kind. • A: It’s been a great pleasure to have you with us. We hope you’ll come here more often in the future. • B: I’m sure I will. Now that we’ve got to know each other better, I’m certain we can do more business to our mutual benefit. • A: I hope so. • B: I do hope you’ll visit us someday soon so that we may return your kindness and warm hospitality. I’d really like to show you a bit of our country. • A: Thank you very much. We’ll be very glad to if we get the chance. • B: Please give my best regards to your General Manager Mr. Wang and tell him I appreciate his warm reception very much. • A: I’ll do that. I hope you have a good journey. • B: Thank you. Good-bye. • A: Good bye and take care.

8. 2. 15 ways to say goodbye(知识点2：“再见”的15种表达) • English speakers like a lot of variety in their everyday language. We have lots of different expressions for saying simple things. The following are some different ways to say "goodbye".

9. Formal goodbyes • Goodbye. • "Goodbye" itself is actually one of the most formal ways to say goodbye to someone. Here are some situations in which "Goodbye" is appropriate: • ---You've broken up with your partner. You're sad about it. You think that you may never see this person again. • ---You're angry with a family member. You say this as you slam the door or hang up the phone. • Farewell. • This phrase is quite formal and very emotional-sounding. It also seems very final. It's the type of thing that two lovers in a movie might say if they're never going to see each other again. You probably won't use it often in daily life. • Have a good day. • Say "Have a good day" (or "Have a nice day," "Have a good evening," or "Have a good night") to someone that you're not very close with, like a coworker that you don't know well, an employee, a customer, or a friend of a friend. • Take care. • This phrase is still a little bit formal, but not quite as formal as "Have a good day." Use this when you're not going to see someone again for at least a week.

10. Casual goodbyes • Most of the time, we use one of these casual phrases when saying goodbye to someone in English. • •'Bye! • "'Bye" is the most common way to say goodbye in English. You can say "'Bye" to anyone you know, from friends to coworkers to clients. It's common to say "'Bye" at the very end of a conversation, even after you've said some of the other phrases in this list. For example: • A: See you later. • B: OK, have a good one. • A: You too. 'Bye. • B: 'Bye. • •Bye bye! • Little children say "Bye bye", and adults say it when speaking to children. When adults use "Bye bye" with each other, it can either sound childish or sometimes flirtatious. • •Later! • "Later!" is a cool, casual way to say goodbye. Men often use "Later!" when speaking with each other. You often follow "Later!" with something like "man", "bro", "dude", or "dear“. Ex: Later, man.

11. Continued • •See you later. / Talk to you later. • "See you later is not quite as casual as "Later!". You can use it with almost anyone. You say "See you later" when you're saying goodbye to someone in person. When you're talking to someone on the phone, you can say "Talk to you later" instead. • •Have a good one. • "Have a good one" means "Have a good day" or "Have a good week." You sound relaxed and friendly when you use it. However, there are people who get annoyed by it because they think that "Have a good day" is better. • •So long. • "So long" isn't very common for actually saying "goodbye" to someone, but you may find it sometimes in news headlines and other places. • •All right then. • This isn't a very common phrase, but some people in the Southern part of the U.S. use it. It's very casual, relaxed, and colloquial.

12. 3. Farewell letter and farewell speech(知识点3：告别信与告别演讲) • Farewell letters are often written to express thanks to somebody for the hospitality and kindness you’ve received from him or her. Farewell letters consist of several essential components, e.g.: • Express your thanks for your association with the people you are leaving and for their kindness, love, support, friendship, etc. Repeat how much you value this friendship. • Recall one or more of the good times you've had together. • Offer your best wishes for the future.

13. Sample of farewell letter • July 30, 2007 • Dear Mr. White,   • Excuse my being unable to see you and your wife off. Every time I recollect our close friendship over the last few years, I am personally very sad to see you leave China.   • I hope we shall keep in touch as you resume your work at your new post.   • With very good wishes for the future and thanks for what you have done for us.   • Yours sincerely, • Li Li

14. A farewell speech • Dear all,   Today is my last day of service in *** Office. I would like to take this opportunity to extend my gratitude to you. It is my great pleasure to know you all, and it is my honor to work with the experienced team. I appreciated very much your support, help, understanding, and tolerance during the working.    These days, I am recalling the events in the past one year. All the memories replay like a movie before my eyes: how we support the IES exhibition, how we made arrangement for the Budget Meetings and CMC, how we worked in the night to meet the deadline, how we host the party with China-base, how we sang and danced in the KTV room, how we climbed the hill in Long Qing Xia…too many happy memories. Anyway, I will surely cherish the memories with you in the heart, forever.

15. Continued • Above words cannot fully express my gratitude to you, my colleges. I am unwilling to leave you all, but at the time I occasionally get an opportunity which is closer to my career aim. To leave RGM was a hard decision. Although I am no longer a member of RGM, I hope that we can still be friends.   My mobile phone number. is 139********, and it will not change in a short time. My personal email address is ***@hotmail.com , and it is also my MSN address. Let’s keep in touch!Thanks again for all you have done for me and thanks for hosting the Farewell Dinner. Wish you all great success in your career, and happiness in your family!Sincerely yours,

16. 4. text study:The Most Unforgettable Character I’ve Met(知识点4：课文学习) • I remember vividly that first English class in the last term of high school. We boys (there were no girls in the school) were waiting expectantly for the new teacher to appear. Before long, through the door came in a tall, unimpressive-looking man of about 40. He said shyly, “Good afternoon, gentlemen.” • 1. (Para.1) Before long, through the door came in a tall, unimpressive-looking man of about 40.  完全倒装句 • Examples： • Inside the parcel was a letter addressed to my father.  (完全倒装) • Seldom had I seen Sasha so upset. (部分倒装） • 2. appear: come into sight; be seen; seem, look 出现; 看起来，似乎 • He appears well this morning. 1

17. Continued • His voice had a surprising tone of respect, almost as if he were addressing the Supreme Court instead of a group of youngsters. He wrote his name on the blackboard — Wilmer T. Stone-then sat on the front of his desk, drew one long leg up and grasped his bony knee.   • 1. His voice had a surprising tone of respect, almost as if he were addressing the Supreme Court instead of a group of youngsters. 方式状语从句中用虚拟语气（他的声音里带有一种令人惊讶的尊敬口吻，仿佛是在高等法院发表演说，而不是面对一帮青年在讲话。） • He ran off as fast as possible as if his life were in danger. • 2. grasp: hold firmly, take hold of; succeed in understanding sth. often complex 抓住，抓紧; 领会 • As she fell, she grasped at the window to try to stop her fall.  

18. Continued “Gentlemen,” he began, “we are here this semester — your last — to continue your study of English. I know we shall enjoy learning with — and from — one another. We are going to learn something about journalism and how to get out your weekly school paper. Most important, we are going to try to really get interested in reading and writing. Those who do, I venture to say, will lead far richer, fuller lives than they would otherwise.” • venture: risk going somewhere or doing something (dangerous); take the risk of saying (something that may be opposed or considered foolish) 冒险；大胆地说；冒昧地说 ex: 1 venture that you are behaving foolishly. 2. otherwise: adv. differently; in every other way, except for 别样， 以另一种方式 conj.   if not, or else 否则， 不然 ex: I can’t say otherwise or I would be lying.   Their plane was late, but otherwise they had a good trip.   Seize the chance, otherwise you will regret it.   You must pay your taxes on time; otherwise you will be fined.

19. Continued • He went on like that, voicing a welcome message of friendliness and understanding. An unexpected feeling of excitement stirred in me.   • During the term that followed, his enthusiasm spread through us like a contagion. “Don’t be afraid to disagree with me,” he used to say. “It shows you are thinking for yourselves, and that’s what you are here for.” Warming to such confidence, we felt we had to justify it by giving more than our best. And we did. • 1. Warming to such confidence, we felt we had to justify it by giving more than our best. 分词短语作状语，意思是“become fond of or be stimulated by”. • 译：在他的感召下，我们是如此有信心，感到必须表现优异才对。 • 2. justify： give a good reason for; be a good reason for • 提供正当理由；论证 ex: How can you justify your rude behavior?   • Nothing can justify such rude behavior.   • He justified buying a car by showing how useful it would be.

20. Continued Mr. Stone gave us the greatest gift a teacher can bestow — an awakening of a passion for learning. He had a way of dangling before us part of a story, a literary character or idea, until we were curious and eager for more; then he would cut himself short and say, “But I suppose you have read so-and-so.” When we shook our heads, he would write the title of a book on the blackboard, then turn to us. “There are some books like this one I almost wish I had never read. Many doors to pleasure are closed to me now, but they are all open for you!” • bestow : give or present sth to some 给予 The girl is lucky to be bestowed with both beauty and wisdom • dangle: try to attract someone by promising or describing; offer as an attraction 吊胃口； 招引；虚幌 She likes to keep her lovers dangling.

21. Continued • The end of the term came much too soon. The morning before graduation day the class suddenly and spontaneously decided to give Mr. Stone a literary send-off that afternoon — a good-bye party with poems and songs for the occasion.   • 1. spontaneously: produced from natural feelings or causes without outside force, esp. quickly and unplanned 自然地， 自发地 • All at once the crowd spontaneously broke into applause.   • The decision they had spontaneously made to work for an extra half-hour turned out to be a bad idea.   • He made an offer to help spontaneously.

22. Continued That afternoon when Mr. Stone walked slowly into Room 318 we made him take a seat in the first row. One of the boys, sitting in the teacher’s chair, started off with a poem called “Farewell”; the rest of us were grouped around him. Mr. Stone sat tight-lipped, until toward the end when he slowly turned to the right and then to the left, looking at each of us in turn as if he wanted to register the picture on his mind. • register:   put into an official list or record; enter one’s name on a list; show; have an effect 注册;记录;显现;发生效力 • Is the car registered?   • He told me he was married but I’m afraid they didn’t register.   • Her face registered anxiety.

23. Continued When we got to the last chorus of the parody, we saw tears rolling down Mr. Stone’s high cheekbones. He got up and pulled out a handkerchief and blew his nose and wiped his face. “Boys,” he began, and no one even noticed that he wasn’t calling us “men” any more, “we’re not very good, we Americans, at expressing sentiment. But I want to tell you that you have given me something I shall never forget.” • chorus: A chorus is a piece of music written to be sung by a large group of people 合唱（歌曲） • parody: A parody is a humorous piece of writing, drama, or music which imitates the style of a well-known person or represents a familiar situation in an exaggerated way.滑稽的模仿诗文 3. sentiment: attitude which is based on their thoughts and feelings 态度，情绪 Public sentiment rapidly turned anti-American... 公众情绪迅速转变，开始反对美国

24. 5. Grammar: Emphasis , Ellipsis and Inversion （知识点5：强调、省略、倒装） • Emphasis: • Emphasis强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式,主要有如下几种形式: • 1．用助动词“do（does／did）＋动词原形”来表示强调： • I do love eating Chinese food. • 2．用形容词 very，only，single，such, last 等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气 • He is the only one to get married. • 3．用in the world，on earth，at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句): What on earth are you doing here? • 4．用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感： How important for a man to get well-educated! • 5．用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气： • 6．用强调句型：“It is（was）＋被强调的部分＋that（who）＋原句其它部分”来强调说话人的意愿 It was in Changchun that we first met • 7．用破折号、黑体字也可以表示强调，加强语气： • He began the work in late May．他在五月底开始的这项工作。（强调时间）

25. Ellipsis • Ellipsis省略是为了避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。省略在语言中，尤其在对话中，是一种十分普遍的现象。 • 英语中有一些固定的省略结构： • a) 在以 if, when, though, as if （好像）等连词引导的从句中，如从句中的主要动词是 be ，常将主语和动词 be 省略。 • If necessary, we shall send a telegram home. 如有必要，我们就往家里打电报。 • Whenever possible, he will come to my help. 他一有可能就来帮助我。 • While cycling, don ' t forget the traffic lights. 骑车时，不要忘记看红绿灯。 • b) 由固定词组引导的疑问句： • What about having a game of chess? 下盘棋怎么样？ • How come they left you alone here? 他们怎么会把你一人留在这里呢？ • What if it ' s raining? 如果天下雨怎么办？ • c) 在口语中，为了避免重复，不定式可以省去和句子前部重复的动词原形而只留下不定式符号 to 。 • He may leave if he wishes to. 他可以走，如果他愿意的话。 • Don ' t go till I tell you to. 等我叫你走你再走。

26. Inversion • Inversion主语和谓语是句子的核心，它们之间有两种语序：一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序（Natural Order）；二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序（Inverted Order）。 倒装语序中又有完全倒装（Full Inversion）和部分倒装（Partial Inversion） 完全倒装（Full Inversion）:又称“全部倒装”,是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。 部分倒装（Partial Inversion）:指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装,二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。前一种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误;后一种情况,倒装是选择性的,倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。

27. 倒装的几种情况 • 1. 当句首状语为否定词或带有否定意义词语时，一般引起部分倒装。常用的词语有：never，scarcely，hardly，barely，rarely，seldom，little，nowhere，by no means(决不)，at no time (在任何时候决不)，ifl／under no circumstances f决不)，on no condition，on no account，in no way，in no case(决不)，no longer，no more等。例如： • In no case have I not noticed that phenomenon． • Never have I found him in such a good mood．

28. 2. • 有些连词虽含否定词但却具有肯定的意义，这类词放在旬首，句子也须用部分倒装。常见的词有：not only…… but also；not until/till……，hardly／scarcely…… when……；no sooner…than 等。例如 • Hardly had the plane landed when the people ran towards it． • Not only did he complain about the food，he also refused to pay for it．

29. 3.当旬首状语为only+副词，only+介词短语，only+状语从句等构成，引起部分倒装。常见的有：only then，only in this way，only by……，only when……等．。例如： • Only in this way can a good result be achieved．

30. 4.以so，neither，nor开头的句子中，常用部分倒装，句中有动词be，情态动词或助动词，则把这些动词移至主语之前，形成倒装：如果旬中谓语是实义动词则在主语前用do／does／did来构成倒装。例如：4.以so，neither，nor开头的句子中，常用部分倒装，句中有动词be，情态动词或助动词，则把这些动词移至主语之前，形成倒装：如果旬中谓语是实义动词则在主语前用do／does／did来构成倒装。例如： • I don’t know how to play bridge and neither does my wife． • Peter is working hard for his exam，and so is James．

31. 5.从属连词as，引导让步状语从旬，语序要倒装，即形容词／一ed分词／名词／副词+as+谓语+主语 • Complicated as seems the problem，it can be solved in only ten • Child as he is，he knows English well，

32. 6. 以关联词so(……that)开头的句子，通常引起局部倒装。在这种结构中．“SO+形容词”是主语补语的前置；“so+副词”是状语的前置。例如： • So small was the mark that I could hardly see it． • So quickly did the workmen finish their work that they were given a bonus

33. Exercise for inversion • 1. Not until I began to work ____ how much time I had wasted.    A. didn't I realize    B. did I realize    C. I didn't realize    D. I realized    2. Only by practising a few hours every day ____ be able to master the language.    A. you can    B. can you    C. you will    D. will you    3. If you don't go， neither ____.    A. shall I    B. do I    C. I do    D. I shall    4. No sooner ____ to the station ____ the train left.    A. had I got， when    B. I had got， than    C. had I got， than    D. did I get， when    5. —— Your father is very strict with you.       ____. He never lets off a single mistake of ours.    A. So he is    B. So is he    C. He is so    D. So does he    6. ____ today， he would get there by Sunday.    A. Would he leave    B. Was he leaving    C. Were he to leave    D. If he leave    7. Never in my life ____ such a thing.    A. I have heard or have seen    B. have I heard or seen    C. I have heard or seen    D. did I hear or see 8. —— Here ____！ Where is Xiao Liu？There ____.    A. comes the bus， is he    B. comes the bus， he is    C. the bus comes， is he    D. the bus comes， he is    9. ____ ， I will not buy it.  A. Much as do I like it B. As much I like it C. Much as I like it D. As I like it much    10. —— I like football. I don't like volleyball. ____.    A. So do I    B. Neither do I    C. So it is with me    D. So is it with me • 1~5 BDACA 6~10 CBBCC