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Marianne Darbi , IÖR Dresden METIER Final Conference, 4-6 November 2009, Brussels

Exploring internet research and expert interviews – methods to identify approaches to compensation for impacts on biological diversity at global scale. Marianne Darbi , IÖR Dresden METIER Final Conference, 4-6 November 2009, Brussels. Presentation.

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Marianne Darbi , IÖR Dresden METIER Final Conference, 4-6 November 2009, Brussels

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  1. Exploring internet research and expert interviews – methods to identify approaches to compensation for impacts on biological diversity at global scale Marianne Darbi, IÖR Dresden METIER Final Conference, 4-6 November 2009, Brussels

  2. Presentation • Leibniz Institute ofEcologicaland Regional Development, Dresden, Germany • Research department Development and Management ofLandscapes • Field ofresearch: Landscape, Environmental andSpatialPlanning • Themes: Biodiversity, Landscape, Impact Mitigation, Planning Instruments, EIA/SEA

  3. Outline • Background • Biodiversity compensation • Research on Biodiversity compensation at IÖR • Study on compensation approaches at global scale: Goal and methodical Steps • Output of the study and obstacles encountered

  4. Background • blabla • Global Biodiversity Outlook 2006: • Increasingpressure on speciesandtheirhabitatsandbiologicaldiversity in general • Biodiversityloss • Usevalueofbiodiversityformankind: • Economy andsocietyrely on natureandlandscape • Mankindisdependent on theproductsandservicesofbiologicaldiversity Besides conservation and sustainable use compensation and restoration are of central importance to stop the decline of biological diversity.

  5. Biodiversity compensation Biodiversity Offsets “Biodiversity Offsets are conservation activities intended to compensate for the residual, unavoidable harm to biodiversity caused by development projects” ten Kate et al. 2004 “Biodiversity offsets seek to ensure that unavoidable adverse environmental impacts of development are counterbalanced by environmental gains” EscorcioBezerra 2006 Biodiversity „variabilityamonglivingorganismsfrom all sourcesincluding, interalia, terrestrial, marine andotheraquaticecosystemsandtheecologicalcomplexesofwhichtheyarepart: thisincludesdiversitywithinspecies, betweenspeciesandofecosystems“ Art. 2 CBD AVOIDANCE MINIMISATION COMPEN-SATION PAYMENT

  6. Research on Biodiversity Compensation BBOP Platform: Business andBiodiversity Offset Program Member of BBOP Science Work Group Since June 2009 Project BIOKOM International Approaches toCompensationfor Impacts on Biological Diversity December 2007 – September 2008 Project BIOKOM MONEY Compensation Pools andAgencies in Germany October 2008 – May 2009 Project BIOBANK Pool- und Banking Models tocompensatefor Impacts on Biological Diversity August – December 2009 Dissertation VOLUNTARY BIODIVERSITY OFFSETS

  7. Study on compensation approaches at global scale: Goal and methodical steps Goal Identify and compare international compensation approaches for impacts on biological diversity in the world Recent state and conclusions that can be drawn for German and International Impact Mitigation and Compensation Methodical Steps Step1: Exploring Research Step2: Main Research Step3: Case Studies Internetbased worldwide research Analysis of documents and websites, Contact to experts Contact to Experts

  8. Step 1: Exploringinternetresearch Four thematic areas related to compensation for impacts on natural systems and processes: • Biological Diversity and the CBD, • The German IMR Eingriffsregelung as defined in the German Federal Nature Conservation Act (BNatSchG), • Appropriate assessment according to the European Habitats Directive and • Environmental Impact Assessment and the EIA Directive. Development of an analytical framework, containing terms and phrases Extraction of key terms and generation of search inquiries, which were then entered into Google Information gathered in a database

  9. Seven searchinquiries

  10. Step 1: Exploringinternetresearch Four thematic areas related to compensation for impacts on natural systems and processes: • Biological Diversity and the CBD, • The German IMR Eingriffsregelung as defined in the German Federal Nature Conservation Act (BNatSchG), • Appropriate assessment according to the European Habitats Directive and • Environmental Impact Assessment and the EIA Directive. Development of an analytical framework, containing terms and phrases Extraction of key terms and generation of search inquiries, which were then entered into Google Quantitative and Qualitative research Information gathered in a database

  11. Database

  12. ResultsoftheExploringresearchandSteps 2 and 3: Main researchand Case studies • downloaded documents and web pages were explored in detail and the extracted information was analysed • Identification of projects and stakeholders (experts, practitioners, members of the administration etc.) were identified in each of the countries • analysis of actual projects • Telephone expert interviews and email exchanges with experts 8/19

  13. Compensation Approaches in Selected Countries Argentina: EIA, Environmental Compensation Fund Brazil: Forest offsets, Project offsets and Conservation Units, Proambiente Program China: Eco-compensation (in discussion), pilot projects (road planning, land consolidation, hydropower)‏ Egypt: EIA/ESIA, sectoral guidelines for major projects Madagascar: sectoral EIA guidelines for major projects, MEC for existing companies, FOREAIM Project: Restoration in degraded forest landscape in Eastern Africa, Eco-Certification Mexico: EIA, Program for Environmental Justice South Korea: Substitute Habitats for Dams, Wetland Mitigation Banking (in discussion), Pilot Projects on Impact Mitigation Regulation

  14. Output of the study • Several hundred documents were identified, assembled in a database and analysed. Experts in different countries made contributions. • Preliminary results and findings for this study were presented to the public during COP9 in May 2008 in Bonn. Further presentations will be made in order to discuss the results in professional circles, e.g. the BBOP network. • As main findings an overview on compensation practices in selected countries on the background of the specific legal and institutional framework was elaborated and assumptions for further research were formulated.

  15. Obstacles encountered • The chosen medium for the research, the internet, may only present a fragmentary spotlight on the situation in the examined countries. • The information overload of the internet made it difficult to extract only relevant information. • Information on the internet changes at fast rate. • Language restrictions were reduced to a minimum. • Different terminology is used for impact mitigation approaches in different countries. • The identification of and contact with experts was challenging and time-consuming.

  16. Thank you for your attention!

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