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ESRM 450 Wildlife Ecology and Conservation ECOLOGICAL SCALE Concepts and Applications

ESRM 450 Wildlife Ecology and Conservation ECOLOGICAL SCALE Concepts and Applications. WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT SCALE Spatial concepts Temporal concepts Scale vs. hierarchy Relevance for ecological disturbance Relevance for wildlife habitat

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ESRM 450 Wildlife Ecology and Conservation ECOLOGICAL SCALE Concepts and Applications

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  1. ESRM 450 Wildlife Ecology and Conservation ECOLOGICAL SCALE Concepts and Applications

  2. WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT SCALE • Spatial concepts • Temporal concepts • Scale vs. hierarchy • Relevance for ecological disturbance • Relevance for wildlife habitat • How to identify scale mismatches • How to analyze multi-scale management issues

  3. Ecological components and processes have inherent scalar properties From King (1993)

  4. Ecological components and processes have inherent scalar properties From Peterson et al. (1997)

  5. Paleoecological studies pioneered applications of scale in forest ecosystems Southern Appalachian Mtns. From Delcourt & Delcourt (1985)

  6. Southern Appalachian landscapes From Delcourt & Delcourt (1985)

  7. Ecological disturbance processes have inherent scalar properties From Urban et al. (1987)

  8. Ecological disturbance regimes and biotic responses From Delcourt et al. (1983)

  9. Disturbance – natural vs. human-caused Arctic Tundra from Walker & Walker (1991)

  10. PATTERN AND SCALE IN ECOLOGY From Levin (1992) “The problem of pattern and scale is the central problem in ecology” There is no single “natural” scale at which ecological phenomena should be studied. Systems show characteristic variability on a range of spatial, temporal, and organizational scales. Observers have perceptual bias, and organisms have perceptual bias determined by their life history. Elucidation of mechanisms is the key to prediction and understanding. Mechanisms typically operate at different scales than those on which the patterns are observed.

  11. The problem of scaling up From Kareiva & Anderson (1988) Most data – small spatial scales Most management issues – large spatial scales

  12. HIERARCHY refers to levels of organization and conceptual frameworks From Allen & Hoekstra (1990)

  13. Conceptual framework (ecological criteria) From Allen & Hoekstra (1992)

  14. Biological diversity concepts From Noss (1990)

  15. Combining hierarchy and scale From Lertzman & Fall (1998)

  16. Taxa with complex life histories and/or high mobility Partition issues into spatial and temporal components

  17. What is the relevance of scale for:

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