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Expansion and Diversity The Rise of Colonial America

Expansion and Diversity The Rise of Colonial America . Chapter 3: The Middle Colonies . Middle Colonies: NY,NJ, DE, PA. A. Characteristics . Multi ethnic Good land for farming: “ Bread Basket ” Less aristocratic then New England and the Southern Colonies except for New York

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Expansion and Diversity The Rise of Colonial America

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  1. Expansion and Diversity The Rise of Colonial America Chapter 3: The Middle Colonies

  2. Middle Colonies: NY,NJ, DE, PA

  3. A. Characteristics • Multi ethnic • Good land for farming: “Bread Basket” • Less aristocratic then New England and the Southern Colonies except for New York • Large Middle Class • Population more ethnically diverse: English, German and Dutch

  4. 6. Economy • Trade • Shipping • Shipbuilding • Lumbering • Industry (less than in New England)

  5. 7. Religiously tollerant • NY Huguenots • NJ Presbyterians • PA Quakers

  6. B. New Netherlands and New Sweden

  7. 1. New Netherlands' • Found in 1623 by Peter Minuit • Established by the Dutch West India company for quick profit in the fur trade • Manhattan Island- bough for $30 from the local Indians

  8. 2. New Amsterdam • Ran by the Dutch West India Company • Very intolerant • Patroonship: aristocratic structure much like that of European feudalism • By the 1640’s 18 different languages were spoken in the city • Native Americas • Attacked the city in retaliation to Dutch Violence • Built a wall to fortify the city (Wall Street)

  9. 3. New Sweden • Swedestrespassed on Dutch lands to establish heir settlement between 1638-1655 • 1655 Dutch forces led by Peter Stuyvesantended the Swedes rule and absorbed the Colony intoNew Amsterdam • 1664 Charles II removed the Dutch from New Netherlands and gave his Brother the Duke of Yorkthe Colony

  10. C. New York • New Netherlands was renamed • New York Chapter of Liberties • Gave religious freedom to all Christians and the right to vote to all landowners • Most of the land was in the hands of a few aristocracy • NY became a royal colony in 1685 • Became a very profitable colony due to tradeand agriculture

  11. 5. Leislers Rebellion (1691) • As Governor Leisler had given some land to the poor • Removed from offices in1691by the British government • Poor whitesandfarmersresisted the removal • Revolt failed andLeisler was hanged • Showed the disconnect between the wealthy landowningaristocracy and the common farmers

  12. D. New Jersey • Started in 1664 as a Quaker settlement • 2 proprietors received the land from the Duke of York • 1702both Jerseys were combined into a RoyalColony

  13. E. Pennsylvania • Settled by William Penn • Given a land grant by the King in exchange or money that was owed to his father Haven for Quakers • Holy Experiment: liberal ideas with religious toleration among many Christian denominations • Best advertised Colony • Generous land policies • Attracted artisans: masons, carpenters, shoemakers ect.

  14. 2. Quakers (Religious Society of Friends) • Non-conformist, more radical then the Puritans • Refused to pay tithes to the Anglican Church • No Oaths • Pacifists • No paid minister • No difference in authority figures • Believed in an “inner light” • All men wereequal in Gods eyes • Persecuted in New Englandand other colonies for opposing authority • No churchhierarchy

  15. 3. Success • All Sweds, Finns and Dutchbecamecitizens • Philadelphia a carefully planned city that would become the largest in North American • Representative Government- land owning suffrage • No taxsupported church • Freedom of Religionguaranteed • No required military service • Natives- purchase land=good relationship • By 1700 PA was the 4th largest Colony

  16. F. Delaware • Originally part ofPennsylvania • Large Quaker Population • Given is own assembly in 1703 • Remained under the Governor of Pennsylvaniauntil the Revolutionary War

  17. II. Rivals for North America: France and Spain

  18. A. France • French relations with native American enabled them to be successful in laying claim to much of North America • Established Quebec in 1608 • Founded by Samuel de Champlain • Befriended theHuronthe enemy of theIroquois • French population grew slowly(6,000 in 1750) • Government: No popularly elected assemblies or trial by jury • Beaver Trade • Jesuits and Ursuline • Jesuites were priests • Ursulinewere nuns • Mississippi Region

  19. B. Spain • New Mexico: the Pueblo Revolt • Florida and Texas

  20. French relations with native American enabled them to be successful in laying claim to much of North America • Established Quebec in 1608 • Founded by Samuel de Champlain • Befriended the Huron the enemy of the Iroquois • French population grew slowly (6,000 in 1750) • Government: No popularly elected assemblies or trial by jury • Beaver Trade • Jesuits and Ursuline • Jesuites were priests • Ursulinewere nuns • Mississippi Region

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