Biomes of the World

1. Biomes of the World This presentation was developed for a middle school/junior high science class. Through use of this presentation and their science book, students will be able to identify and name important characteristics of the world’s biomes. Each biome is discussed individually. The presentation shows each biome’s location, climate, plant, and animal life.

2. Biomes of the World

3. What are biomes? * A biome is an area that has the same climate (weather) and the same organisms that live there. * Biomes help scientists describe the world. * There are ____ land biomes and ___ water biomes 6 2

4. Land Biomes *Tundra *Coniferous Forest *Deciduous Forest *Tropical Rain Forest *Grassland *Desert

5. Tundra • Where is the tundra? • Around the North Pole and near the Arctic Ocean • Climate (weather) • Very cold and dry • Temperature: less than -5°C • Only has 25 centimeters or less of rain every year • What the land looks like • Permafrost: the dirt that is always frozen (even in the spring and summer) • Flat land with only a few small, thin trees

6. Plants and Animals of the Tundra • Plants • Fungi and algae • They cover the rocks and ground • Animals caribou duck lemming musk ox wolf sandy hill crane polar bear marmot snowy owl ermine

7. Tundra

8. Views of the Tundra

9. Coniferous Forest • Climate • Cold and snowy • What the land looks like • In the winter: • Ground is frozen • In the spring: • Taiga: swampy forest • Snow melts and the ground becomes wet and swampy because the deeper ground is frozen

10. Where are coniferous forests? Alaska Canada Europe Asia In Canada, Alaska, northern Asia, and northern Europe

11. Plants of the Coniferous Forest • Conifer trees (have cones) • Have needles covered with wax • Wax protects the needles from freezing cone needles Kinds of conifer trees pine spruce fir

12. Moose Beaver Wolf Black bear Wolverine Red Squirrel Hawk Owl Lynx Animals of the Coniferous Forest Snowshoe Rabbit

13. Coniferous Forest

14. Winter in the Coniferous Forest

15. Deciduous Forest • Climate • Summers are warm • Winters are cold • Gets 75 centimeters of rain every year (that’s over 2 feet of rain!) • What is special about deciduous trees? • The leaves change colors and fall off the trees in autumn and grow new leaves in the spring • The leaves on the ground make the dirt better and help plants grow.

16. Where Are Deciduous Forests? Deciduous forests are between northeastern United States and Canada. Some are in the eastern United States. Others grow in Europe and eastern Asia.

17. Plants of the Deciduous Forest * Trees * Flowers • * Oak * Hickory • * Lily of the valley • * Maple * Beech • * Star Flower

18. Animals of the Deciduous Forest Eagle Brown Bear Black Bear Chipmunk Raccoon Porcupine Red Fox White-tailed Deer Mouse Coyote

19. The Deciduous Forest

20. Tropical Rain Forest How much rain is that? • Climate • Rains almost everyday • Gets almost 10 feet of rain every year. • Very hot all year long Rainforest Illinois

21. Where are Tropical Rain Forests? The largest tropical rainforest is in South America. It is called the Amazon rain forest. They are also found in central Africa, Central America, Southeast Asia, Hawaii, and a small area of Australia.

22. Layers of the Rainforest Emergent Layer Canopy Layer Understory Layer Forest Floor

23. Plants of the Rain Forest Orchid Banana Vanilla Coffee Fern Cacao (chocolate)

24. Birds of the Rain Forest Blue Parrot Cassowary Blue-Gold Macaw Cockatoo Yellow-eared Parrot Rhino Hornbill Scarlet Macaw Toucan

25. Bugs, Snakes, and Frogs of the Rain Forest Katydid Posion Dart Frogs Preying Mantis Python Red-Eyed Tree Frog Scorpion Walking Stick Zebra Butterfly Ulysses Butterfly

26. Animals of the Rain Forest Flying Squirrel Benegal Tiger Capybara Chimpanzee Leopard Spider Monkey Gorilla Lemur Tapir Mandrill Jaguar Olive Baboon

27. Views from the Rain Forest

28. Rain Forest

29. Water Within the Rain Forest

30. Wow! What a sight!

31. Grasslands • There are _____ kinds of grasslands. two • Temperate grasslands: called prairies • Tropical grasslands: called savannas • Climate • All grasslands get between 25 and 75 centimeters of rain every year. Coniferous forest

32. Where are grasslands? Savannas Temperate Grasslands The largest grassland is in Africa. There are also grasslands in North America, South America, central Asia, and northern Australia.

33. Temperate Grasslands (Prairie) • Some are found in the United States • Illinois is on the prairie, so we live in the temperate grasslands. • Land is usually flat • Not a lot of trees grass • The most important plant is __________.

34. Tropical Grasslands (Savanna) • Largest savannas are found in Africa • There are only a few trees on the savanna • Why don’t a lot of trees grow? • Savanna does not get a lot of rain • People set the grass on fire to stop trees from growing • Animals eat the trees before they can start growing tall

35. Plants of the Savanna • Grass • Can live without a lot of rain • Acacia tree • Baobab tree

36. Black Rhinoceros Cheetah Wild Dog African elephant Giraffe Animals of the Savanna Zebra Ostrich Hippopotamus Hyena Warthog Lions

37. Savanna Scenes

38. Desert two There are __________ kinds of deserts. • Hot deserts and cold deserts cold desert hot desert Sahara Desert Gobi Desert

39. Where are deserts? In Africa, western North America, western Asia, central Australia, and western South America.

40. Hot Deserts * Climate * gets less than 25 centimeters of rain every year * hot during the day and cool at night Cold Deserts * Climate * gets less than 25 centimeters of rain every year * cold all of the time

41. Plants of the Deserts * can live there because the roots are close to the top of the ground and can get the water quickly. Cactus Aloe Barrel Cactus Prickly Pear Cactus

42. Black-collared lizard snakes camel Animals of the Desert desert iguana roadrunner jackrabbit

43. Desert Scenes

44. More Desert Scenes

45. Water Biomes *Marine *Freshwater

46. The Marine Biome ocean * The marine biome is the _________________ biome. * covers about 70% of the Earth * has salt water * Organisms that live in the ocean are able to live in the salt water. * sunlight, water pressure, and water movement affect the organisms too • because of these things, the ocean is divided into different areas • different organisms live in each area * The water that is very deep has cold temperatures, high pressures, and is very dark

47. Marine Plant Life • Many of the plants live near the top of the water • they need the sunlight to help them grow and make food barnacles coral

48. Marine Animal Life • Most marine organisms live near the top of the water or close to land • Many animals dig down into the sand or hang on to rocks, so they do not get lost in the sea • Other larger animals live where the water is deep barracuda star fish clown fish crab flashlight fish green sea turtle killer whale shrimp

49. The Freshwater Biome salt * Freshwater means it does not have _______________ in it • * Includes still water and moving water • * Examples of still water * Examples of moving water • * lakes and ponds * rivers and streams

50. Freshwater Plant Life * Many of the plants that live in freshwater have strong roots to keep them in one place. * Some plants grow around the edge of the lake or float on the top of the water cattail water lily