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Designing a Perennial Garden: Tips for Planting and Maintenance in Cold Climates

Explore the art of perennial garden design inspired by English cottage gardens. Learn to create stunning, colorful, and textured spaces that thrive in colder zones. This guide provides essential tips for selecting perennials and mixing them with annuals and vegetables. Discover the importance of soil preparation, proper planting times, and effective maintenance strategies such as staking and mulching. Whether you're starting small or designing a bigger project, find guidance on achieving balance, unity, and proportion in your garden design.

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Designing a Perennial Garden: Tips for Planting and Maintenance in Cold Climates

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  1. Duluth Perennial garden design

  2. Perennial gardens are an English tradition • The cottage garden was a riot of color and texture

  3. modifications • We are in a much colder zone so the plant list is different • In the USA gardeners enjoy mixing perennials with annuals and vegetables

  4. Vocabulary • Annual • Perennial • Bulb • Corm • Hardy • Tender

  5. Bulbs

  6. Bulb longevity • The best for re-flowering are : • Snow drops, scilla, grape hyacinth • Crocus • Daffodils • Tulips and hyacinths don’t re-bloom very well

  7. Plants that are tender but tempting • Dahlias, • Caladium • Canna • Gladiola • Begonia • Freesia

  8. Attributes of perennials • Attract people , pollinators • May be fragrant • Have a variety of textures • Can have interest in all seasons • Can be used as cut flowers • Gardening as recreation

  9. Perennial garden types • Rock garden • Water garden • Border • Island beds • Containers

  10. The plan • Location: know your soil, sun/shade, slope • Soil prep: • Get a soil test • add organic material , • pH 6.5 for most perennials, • Install in ground irrigation

  11. The plan • Start small: there is a learning curve • Think about maintenance • What time of year are you viewing the garden? Plant for the time you are home. • What is your budget? If you need to plant over a couple of years. Get plants from friends. • Study the plants and gardening skills • Draw your design on paper or computer

  12. Design rules • Balance: Height, color, texture • Unity through repetition • Tie in colors to those in the surroundings. • Proportion: 60% rule the mature height of a plant should not be more than 60% of the bed width • Always remember a plant can be dug up and moved

  13. Design rules • Least, little, lots • It is most pleasing to the eye to have an odd number of the same plant in a grouping. • Space plants to allow them to get to their mature size • Perennials don’t get full size in one season • “sleep, creep, leap”

  14. Planting times • Most (especially if bare root) get planted when the soil can be worked in SPRING. That gives them all summer to get a good root established. • If potted they can get planted most of the summer ( harden off before planting). • Plant at the same level as the pot • Peony and iris get moved or split in August

  15. Staking • Single • Corset • Brushwood • Push the stake in the ground early spring to reduce root breakage

  16. mulch • Reduces weeds • Holds moisture • Can add organic matter to the soil • Can help keep diseases off the plants • Can keep soil cool

  17. Nutrients • The best N:P:K is 5:10:5, or 10:10:10 or 5:10:10 • High N means no to few flowers and a plant that will attain less hardiness

  18. Propagation and acquisition • Division when plants are just coming up • From seed, this takes longer to get a bloom • Buy them from a garden center or mail order • They can be bare root or potted

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