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Table of Contents. Introduction of GI GI in TRIPS Real Cases: KOR-EU FTA Agreement on GI. Geographical Indications. TRIPS Section 3 Article 22.1

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Table of Contents

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  1. Table of Contents • Introduction of GI • GI in TRIPS • Real Cases: KOR-EU FTA Agreement on GI

  2. Geographical Indications • TRIPS Section 3 Article 22.1 • Geographical indications are, for the purpose of this Agreement, indications which identify a good as originating in the territory of a Member, or a region or locally in that territory, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristics of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin.

  3. 지리적 표시 • 지리적 표시란 상품의 특정 품질, 명성 또는 그 밖의 특성이 본질적으로 지리적 근원에서 비롯되는 경우, 회원국의 영토 또는 회원국의 지역 또는 지방을 원산지로 하는 상품임을 명시하는 표시

  4. Scope of GI • Indication of source > GI > Appellation of origin • All products/agricultural products and foodstuffs • In EU • PGI (Protected Geographical Indication): covers agricultural products and foodstuffs closely linked to the geographical area. At least one of the stages of production, processing or preparation takes place in the area • PDO (Protected Designation of Origin): covers agricultural products and foodstuffs which are produced, processed and prepared in a given geographical area using recognized know-how • TSG: highlights traditional character, either in the composition or means of production

  5. History of GI • UR (1986~1994) • 2001 DDA, Protection of GI • Multilateral registration system of wine • Additional protection of GI • GI friends group/Joint proposal group

  6. GI in ROK • 상표법-단체표장 • 부정경쟁방지및영업비밀보호법 • 농산물품질관리법 • 수산물품질관리법 • 대외무역법 • 불공정무역행위조사및산업피해구제에관한법률 • 주세법

  7. GI in TRIPS • Article 22 • Definition of GI • Preventing improper use of marks • Refusal or invalidation of the registration of trademark • Article 23 • Preventing use of expression “kind”, “type”, etc • Refusal or invalidation of the registration of trademark with respect to para 1 • Case of homonymous • Multilateral system

  8. TRIPS Article 22-Protection 1. Geographical indications are, for the purposes of this Agreement, indications which identify a good as originating in the territory of a Member, or a region or locality in that territory, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin. 2. In respect of geographical indications, Members shall provide the legal means for interested parties to prevent: (a) the use of any means in the designation or presentation of a good that indicates or suggests that the good in question originates in a geographical area other than the true place of origin in a manner which misleads the public as to the geographical origin of the good; (b) any use which constitutes an act of unfair competition within the meaning of Article 10bis of the Paris Convention (1967). 3. A Member shall, ex officio if its legislation so permits or at the request of an interested party, refuse or invalidate the registration of a trademark which contains or consists of a geographical indication with respect to goods not originating in the territory indicated, if use of the indication in the trademark for such goods in that Member is of such a nature as to mislead the public as to the true place of origin. 4. The protection under paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 shall be applicable against a geographical indication which, although literally true as to the territory, region or locality in which the goods originate, falsely represents to the public that the goods originate in another territory.

  9. TRIPS Article 23-Additional protection 1. Each Member shall provide the legal means for interested parties to prevent use of a geographical indication identifying wines for wines not originating in the place indicated by the geographical indication in question or identifying spirits for spirits not originating in the place indicated by the geographical indication in question, even where the true origin of the goods is indicated or the geographical indication is used in translation or accompanied by expressions such as “kind”, “type”, “style”, “imitation” or the like. (4) 2. The registration of a trademark for wines which contains or consists of a geographical indication identifying wines or for spirits which contains or consists of a geographical indication identifying spiritsshall be refused or invalidated, ex officio if a Member’s legislation so permits or at the request of an interested party, with respect to such wines or spirits not having this origin. 3. In the case of homonymous geographical indications for wines, protection shall be accorded to each indication, subject to the provisions of paragraph 4 of Article 22. Each Member shall determine the practical conditions under which the homonymous indications in question will be differentiated from each other, taking into account the need to ensure equitable treatment of the producers concerned and that consumers are not misled. 4. In order to facilitate the protection of geographical indications for wines, negotiations shall be undertaken in the Council for TRIPS concerning the establishment of a multilateral system of notification and registration of geographical indications for wines eligible for protection in those Members participating in the system.

  10. 상표법 제7조 ①다음 각 호의 어느 하나에 해당하는 상표는 제6조의 규정에 불구하고 상표등록을 받을 수 없다. <개정 1993.12.10, 1997.8.22, 2001.2.3, 2004.12.31, 2007.1.3> 7의2. 선출원에 의한 타인의 지리적 표시 등록단체표장과 동일 또는 유사한 상표로서 그 지정상품과 동일한 상품에 사용하는 상표 9의2. 특정 지역의 상품을 표시하는 것이라고 수요자간에 현저하게 인식되어 있는 타인의 지리적 표시와 동일 또는 유사한 상표로서 그 지리적 표시를 사용하는 상품과 동일한 상품에 사용하는 상표 12의2. 국내 또는 외국의 수요자간에 특정 지역의 상품을 표시하는 것이라고 인식되어 있는 지리적 표시와 동일 또는 유사한 상표로서 부당한 이익을 얻으려 하거나 그 지리적 표시의 정당한 사용자에게 손해를 가하려고 하는 등 부정한 목적을 가지고 사용하는 상표 14. 세계무역기구 회원국내의 포도주 및 증류주의 산지에 관한 지리적 표시로서 구성되거나 동 표시를 포함하는 상표로서포도주·증류주 또는 이와 유사한 상품에 사용하고자 하는 상표. 다만, 지리적 표시의 정당한 사용자가 그 해당 상품을 지정상품으로 하여 제9조제3항의 규정에 따른 지리적 표시단체표장등록출원을 한 때에는 그러하지 아니하다.

  11. TRIPS Article 24-Exception 4. Nothing in this Section shall require a Member to prevent continued and similar use of a particular geographical indication of another Member identifying wines or spirits in connection with goods or services by any of its nationals or domiciliaries who have used that geographical indication in a continuous manner with regard to the same or related goods or services in the territory of that Member either (a) for at least 10 years preceding 15 April 1994 or (b) in good faith preceding that date. 5. Where a trademark has been applied for or registered in good faith, or where rights to a trademark have been acquired through use in good faith either: (a) before the date of application of these provisions in that Member as defined in Part VI; or (b) before the geographical indication is protected in its country of origin; measures adopted to implement this Section shall not prejudice eligibility for or the validity of the registration of a trademark, or the right to use a trademark, on the basis that such a trademark is identical with, or similar to, a geographical indication. 6. Nothing in this Section shall require a Member to apply its provisions in respect of a geographical indication of any other Member with respect to goods or services for which the relevant indication is identical with the term customary in common language as the common name for such goods or services in the territory of that Member. Nothing in this Section shall require a Member to apply its provisions in respect of a geographical indication of any other Member with respect to products of the vine for which the relevant indication is identical with the customary name of a grape variety existing in the territory of that Member as of the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement.

  12. TRIPS Article 16 & 17 - Conflict • Article 16.1 • The owner of a registered trademark shall have the exclusive right to prevent all third parties not having the owner’s consent from using in the course of trade identical or similar signs for goods or services which are identical or similar to those in respect of which the trademark is registered where such use would result in a likelihood of confusion. In case of the use of an identical sign for identical goods or services, a likelihood of confusion shall be presumed. The rights described above shall not prejudice any existing prior rights, nor shall they affect the possibility of Members making rights available on the basis of use.

  13. TRIPS Article 16 & 17 - Conflict • Article 17 •  Members may provide limited exceptions to the rights conferred by a trademark, such as fair use of descriptive terms, provided that such exceptions take account of the legitimate interests of the owner of the trademark and of third parties.

  14. Conflict • EU • Coexistence of GI and Trademarks • US • Exclusivity • WTO Decision

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