1 / 19

KONSERVASI SUMBERDAYA ALAM DAN LINGKUNGAN

KONSERVASI SUMBERDAYA ALAM DAN LINGKUNGAN. Bahan kajian pada MK. PSDAL. Diabstraksikan oleh : Soemarno , psdl-ppsub - Malang 2013. SUMBERDAYA ALAM. Sumberdaya Alam - Sesuatu material alami yang digunakan oleh manusia atau Sumberdaya yang disediakan Bumi untuk manusia

dannon
Télécharger la présentation

KONSERVASI SUMBERDAYA ALAM DAN LINGKUNGAN

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. KONSERVASI SUMBERDAYA ALAM DAN LINGKUNGAN Bahankajianpada MK. PSDAL Diabstraksikanoleh: Soemarno, psdl-ppsub - Malang 2013

  2. SUMBERDAYA ALAM • SumberdayaAlam- Sesuatu material alami yang digunakanolehmanusiaatau • Sumberdaya yang disediakanBumiuntukmanusia • Misalnya: Air, Petroleum, Minerals, Hutan

  3. SUMBERDAYA TERBARUKAN Sumberdayaalam yang dapatdigantidengankecepatan yang samapada sat iadigunakan. Misalnya: Pohon, Angin, Air. Although many resources are renewable, they still can be used up before they can be renewed. TEGAKAN Jati = sumberdayaalambiologis yang dapatditanamkembalisetelahdipanen

  4. Sumberdayatidakterbarukan – Nonrenewable Resources Sumberdaya yang terbentukdengankecepatanjauhlebihlambatdibandingkandengankecepatanpenggunaannya (konsumsinya). A fossil fuel is a nonrenewable energy resource formed from the remains of plants & animals that lived long ago. Misalnya: Batubara, Petroleum (Oil), Gas Alam Sekalihabis, tidakdapatdiganti !!!

  5. KONSERVASI SUMBERDAYA ALAM Untukkonservasisumberdayaalam, andaharusmencobauntukmenggunakansumberdayaalamsecukupnyahanyakalaudiperlukan 3 R: • Reduce • Reuse • Recycle

  6. PENCEMARAN TANAHHow can soil be lost or damaged? • Exhausted – KEHILANGAN KESUBURAN TANAH akibatdiolahdanditanamisecara TERUS MENERUS • Polluted – mining, chemical spills, HUMANS • Erosion – oleh air , angin • Desertification – once wet area, undergoes drought conditions OR grazing animals OR cutting trees http://www.gly.uga.edu/railsback/CTW/ChinaDesertification.jpeg

  7. BagaimanaKonservasi Tanah ? Konservasitanahadalahpengelolaantganahuntukmencegahdegradasi/kerusakantanah. • PengolahantanahmenurutKontur • PergiliranTanaman • Olah Tanah Konservasi • Penangkalangin • Leaving soil fallow Terasbangkupadalahan miring untukbudidayasayuran – upayakonservasitanahdariancamanerosidan runoff air hujan Foto: smno – Pujon-Nop 2012

  8. Contour Plowing plowing fields along curves of slopes Farming on the contour, rows are perpendicular to the slope. Photo courtesy USDA NRCS. Diunduhdari: http://www.mda.state.mn.us/protecting/conservation/practices/contourfarm.aspx ……. 27/11/2012

  9. Conservation Plowingdead weeds and stalks are left in the ground from year to year Impacts of Conservation Tillage on Row Crops Switching to conservation tillage on all row crops in the Southeast over the past 5 years has resulted in savings of over $100 million to growers. Diunduhdari: http://nfrec.ifas.ufl.edu/programs/impacts_conservation_tillage.shtml ……. 27/11/2012

  10. Crop Rotationplant different crops in a field from year to year The effects of crop rotation: Higher diversity in plant production and thus in human and livestock nutrition. Reduction and reduced risk of pest and weed infestations. Greater distribution of channels or biopores created by diverse roots (various forms, sizes and depths). Better distribution of water and nutrients through the soil profile. Exploration for nutrients and water of diverse strata of the soil profile by roots of many different plant species resulting in a greater use of the available nutrients and water. Increased nitrogen fixation through certain plant-soil biota symbionts and improved balance of N/P/K from both organic and mineral sources. Increased humus formation. Diunduhdari: http://www.fao.org/sd/erp/toolkit/Books/SARDLEARNING/CD-SL/m_4sl_2_en.html ……. 27/11/2012

  11. ALLEY CROPPINGtrees planted along the edge of a field Alley cropping is the cultivation of crops grown in between rows of woody plants. Key design considerations include selecting woody plants that provide marketable products, crop timing and management, crop sunlight requirements, and size of farm equipment as it affects spacing requirements. The alley crop can be changed as tree canopy closes over time. Diunduhdari: http://nac.unl.edu/bufferguidelines/guidelines/4_opportunities/5.html ……. 27/11/2012

  12. TERRACING Prevents erosion from heavy rains on steep hills. Bench terraces Bench terraces are a soil and water conservation measure used on sloping land with relatively deep soils to retain water and control erosion. They are normally constructed by cutting and filling to produce a series of level steps or benches. This allows water to infiltrate slowly into the soil. Bench terraces are reinforced by retaining banks of soil or stone on the forward edges. This practice is typical for rice-based cropping systems. Diunduhdari: http://www.greenstone.org/greenstone3/nzdl;jsessionid=1CC83FDA5814399FCCA098EA11DF8254?a=d&d=HASH018cfbb77d155fa06876f29b.5.1.np&c=hdl&sib=1&dt=&ec=&et=&p.a=b&p.s=ClassifierBrowse&p.sa= ……. 27/11/2012

  13. PENCEMARAN AIR How can water be lost or cause damage? WATER POLLUTION Many things cause water pollution. Most water pollution is casued by humans, but some pollution is caused by nature. Things that pollute our water are: sewage drainage into our water cycle, oil from vehicles, oil spills, fertilizer from crops and garbage dumps can run into our water system when it rains, hot water dumped from factories or nuclear plants, salt water can pollute fresh water, and dust and ash from volcanoes. Diunduhdari: http://ww2.valdosta.edu/~vjfranks/ ……. 27/11/2012

  14. WATER POLLUTIONHow can water be lost or cause damage? • Nonpoint-source Pollution – Pollution that comes from many sources; Reaches bodies of water as runoff • EX: street gutters, fertilizers, eroded soil, drainage from mines

  15. Bagaimana Air dikonservasi ? • By using only the water needed • By recycling water • By using drip irrigation systems. • Waste water can be treated by sewage treatment plants and septic systems

  16. PolusiUdaraBagaimanaUdaradapatmenimbulkankerusakandankerugian ? PolusiUdara – The contamination of the atmosphere by the introduction of pollutants from human and natural sources Pencemaranudaraakibattransportasidijaklanrayaperkotaan. Foto: smno-Malang-Agt 2012

  17. PolutanUdara Polutan Primer • Industrial emissions • Vehicle Exhaust • Volcanic Ash PolutanSekunder • The formation of smog

  18. PENCEMARAN AKIBAT ULAH MANUSIA • Industrial & Indoor Air Pollution • Acid Precipitation • The Ozone Hole

  19. BagaimanaUdaradapatdilestarikan? • Legislasi: Misalnyapengaturan Baku MutuUdara Ambient Kota • By Technology such as scrubbers - devices used to remove pollutants before they are released by smokestacks • MengubahPolaHidupMasyarakat Integrated Assessment Unit for strategies to control emissions to the atmosphere and their environmental impacts Diunduhdari: http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/environmentalpolicy/research/environmentalquality/iau ……. 27/11/2012

More Related