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Crusades

Crusades. Fight for the holy land. Byzantine Empire lost the Asia Minor to the Muslims Jerusalem was the main concern Pope Urban II called on all knights to join a crusade Crusade Military expedition to rescue Jerusalem and the Holy Land. Why Jerusalem?.

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Crusades

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  1. Crusades Fight for the holy land

  2. Byzantine Empire lost the Asia Minor to the Muslims • Jerusalem was the main concern • Pope Urban II • called on all knights to join a crusade • Crusade • Military expedition to rescue Jerusalem and the Holy Land

  3. Why Jerusalem? Christianity- This is where Jesus was crucified Islam- This is where Muslims believe Muhammad ascended to Heaven

  4. Hidden Agenda • 3 groups with 3 different goals • Pope’s goals • Show his power by sending troops • Reunite Rome and Byzantine Christians • His name would be remembered forever

  5. Knights goals • At first it was all about religion • If killed in battle Pope promised forgiveness of sins • Rich plunder • Merchants goals • Key trade routes at stake • Charged money to ship knights to Holy Land

  6. Peasants Crusade • 1096- First Crusade • 50,000-60,000 knights became crusaders • Captured Jerusalem • Slaughtered Muslim men and women • Jews were gathered in a temple and burned to death

  7. Second Crusade • City of Edessa was reconquered by the Muslims • Second Crusade arranged to retake Edessa • Failed

  8. KingsCrusade • 1187- Jerusalem was reconquered by Muslims • Saladin • Muslim conqueror • Third Crusade (the Kings Crusade) • 3 of Europe’s most powerful monarchs in charge • King Philip Augustus (French) • Emperor Frederick I (German) • King Richard the Lion Heart (English)

  9. Fredrick drowned and Philip gave up • King Richard kept on going • Richard got sick • Saladin sent his doctors to make him better • A truce was made • Jerusalem still Muslim but Christians could visit

  10. Fourth Crusade 1202- Pope Innocent III called for another Crusade to get Jerusalem back Instead of attacking Jerusalem they attack Constantinople

  11. Impact of the Crusades • On Christians: • Helped to end feudalism and give rise to the renaissance • Lords died, serfs freed, trade routes made, money being used again, advanced Muslim scholarship spread to Europe • Christians become bitter towards Muslims • On Muslims: • See Europeans as invaders and barbarians • Respect Christians as men of “the book” • Controlled most of the Middle East

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