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Écologie politique séance 7 13 avril Analyse critique du discours

Écologie politique séance 7 13 avril Analyse critique du discours Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) Morgan Scoville-Simonds PhD Candidate morgan.scoville-simonds@graduateinstitute.ch. Link to previous class. The social constructivist approach

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Écologie politique séance 7 13 avril Analyse critique du discours

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  1. Écologie politique séance 7 13 avril Analyse critique du discours Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) Morgan Scoville-Simonds PhD Candidate morgan.scoville-simonds@graduateinstitute.ch

  2. Link to previous class The social constructivist approach The social construction of the environment and environmental problems in particular Discourse is one (major) way through which reality, the environment, and environmental problems are constructed

  3. Definitions What is discourse? Language in use (oral & written - texts, debates, conversations…)

  4. Definitions What is a discourse? a specific ensemble of ideas, concepts, and categorizations that are produced, reproduced, and transformed in a particular set of practices through which meaning is given to physical and social realities. (Hajer 1997: 44)

  5. Deconstructing a definition… Discourses are… a specific ensemble of ideas, concepts, and categorizations that are produced, reproduced, and transformed in a particular set of practices through which meaning is given to physical and social realities

  6. Deconstructing a definition… Discourses are… Cognitive a specific ensemble of ideas, concepts, and categorizations that are produced, reproduced, and transformed in a particular set of practices through which meaning is given to physical and social realities

  7. Deconstructing a definition… Discourses are… Cognitive Social a specific ensemble of ideas, concepts, and categorizations that are produced, reproduced, and transformed in a particular set of practices through which meaning is given to physical and social realities

  8. Deconstructing a definition… Discourses are… Cognitive Social Really important! a specific ensemble of ideas, concepts, and categorizations that are produced, reproduced, and transformed in a particular set of practices through which meaning is given to physical and social realities

  9. Discourses Provide ideas, concepts, and categories necessary to comprehend the world Are socially produced Construct reality in specific ways

  10. Linguistic Discourses represent reality Focus: text, meaning de Saussure… ‘Sociological’ Discourses constitute reality Focus: power Foucault… A broad spectrum of approaches

  11. Linguistic Discourses represent reality Focus: text, meaning de Saussure… ‘Sociological’ Discourses constitute reality Focus: power Foucault… A broad spectrum of approaches CDA Discourse and reality in dialectic Focus: discourse as social practice Fairclough…

  12. Discourse as social practice CDA examines -texts, statements, conversations… -the social context of discourse production -the social relations between the actors

  13. What makes critical discourse analysis ‘critical’? Discourse is enacted within social relations Power is present in all social relations All discourse is political

  14. How are discourses political? Enable some ways of understanding the world while excluding others Define problems in specific ways, constraining the field of possible solutions Legitimize specific kinds of knowledge while discrediting others Determine who has the authority to ‘speak’ and to be taken seriously

  15. ‘Critical’ questions in doing critical discourse analysis Does a given discourse reinforce or rather call into question the prevailing ‘common sense’, naturalized definitions, or the existing social order? What particular cultural and historical conditions were necessary for the discourse to come about and be seen as acceptable? Who stands to benefit from the discourse’s particular way of constructing reality?

  16. Doing text-based CDA(possible references) Fairclough, N. 1993. Discourse and Social Change. Cambridge: Polity Press. Fairclough, N. 2003. Analysing discourse : textual analysis for social research. London: Routledge. Hajer, M., 2008, “Words matter in policy and planning” (available on website of Marteen Hajer, or email me)

  17. Questions, comments, complaints?

  18. Discussion - Texts 1. *Adger, N.W., Benjaminsen, T.A., Brown, K. and Svarstad, H. (2001). Advancing a Political Ecology of Global Environmental Discourses. Development and Change. 32: 681-715. 2. Hajer, M. A. (1995). Chapters 1 and 2: The new environmental conflict;Discourse analysis. In Hajer, M.A. The Politics of Environmental Discourse. Oxford: Clarendon Press : 8-72. *Scoville-Simonds, M. (2009). Discourse Analysis in Political Ecology: Towards an analytical framework of environmental controversies. IHEID. Master Thesis. b. Zimmerer, K.S. (2004). Environmental discourse on soil degradation in Bolivia. In Peet, R. and Watts, M. (Eds.). Liberation Ecologies. London: Routledge: 107-124. c. *Bassett, T.J. and Bi Zuéli, K. (2000). Environmental discourses and the Ivorian savanna. Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 90 (1): 67-95.

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