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Principals of Animal Diseases

Principals of Animal Diseases. Animal Science II. Causes. Infectious Caused by microorganisms Noninfectious Faulty nutrition Metabolic disorder Trauma Toxic substance Congenital defects Birth defects. Cattle. Brucellosis Abortions in last ½ of pregnancy Afterbirth retention

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Principals of Animal Diseases

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  1. Principals of Animal Diseases Animal Science II

  2. Causes • Infectious • Caused by microorganisms • Noninfectious • Faulty nutrition • Metabolic disorder • Trauma • Toxic substance • Congenital defects • Birth defects

  3. Cattle • Brucellosis • Abortions in last ½ of pregnancy • Afterbirth retention • Sterility • Animal must be destroyed • Shipping fever • Coughing, diarrhea, fever, discharge • Common in young animals • Shipping stress • Antibiotics and sulfa drugs

  4. Swine • Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) • Virus (highly contagious) • 100% mortality in young pigs • Vomiting, diarrhea • White, yellow or green feces • Drugs and vaccines not effective

  5. Swine • Pseudorabies • Virus • Fever, vomiting, convulsions, tremors • Sudden death in young pigs 24hrs after symptoms appear • Drugs and vaccines not effective

  6. Swine • Brucellosis • Cholera (eradicated in the US) • Scours • Drugs for drinking water • Leptospirosis • MMA • Mycoplasmal pneumonia • SMEDI

  7. Poultry • Aortic rupture • Male turkeys • 8 to 20 weeks • Bleed to death • Control • Lower-energy ration • Low-level use of tranquilizers

  8. Poultry • Newcastle • Virus • Gasping for air, sneezing, breathing difficulty, tremors, paralysis • No known cure • Avian pox (Fowl pox) • Virus • Yellow cankers in mouth and eyes • Scabs around the head • No known cure

  9. Poultry • Cocidiosis • Controlled by coccidiostats • Bluecomb • Blackhead • Fowl cholera • Erysipelas Antibiotics

  10. Treatment • Prevention is the best way to control diseases • Cleanliness • Vaccinations • Quarantine • Exposure • Isolation

  11. Parasites • Objective • Describe the internal and external parasites of livestock and poultry

  12. Parasites • External • Ticks • bloodsuckers • Mites • mange • Lice • Biting bloodsuckers

  13. Parasites • External (continued) • Blowfly • Screwworm in larva stage • Heel fly • Cattle grub • Horn fly • Smallest, bloodsucking species • Horsefly, housefly, stable fly

  14. Parasites • Internal • Roundworms • Stomach worms • Ascarids • Pinworms • Bloodworms • Lungworms

  15. Parasites • Internal (continued) • Tapeworms • Broad tapeworms • Beef or pork tapeworm • Flukes

  16. Parasite Problems • Weight loss and loss of gain • Most costly excluding death • Major external parasite of swine • Lice and mites • External parasites of poultry • Lower production by sucking blood

  17. Parasite Problems • Heel Fly larva or Cattle grubs • Greatest financial loss to cattle • Lower rate of gain • Damage hides and meat

  18. Parasite Problems • Major internal parasite of poultry • Several types of worms • Roundworm • Most damage to hogs by internal parasites

  19. Controlling Parasites • Prevention • Most effective • Chemicals for external parasites • Systematic insecticides that spread throughout the body is most effective • Cattle grubs

  20. Controlling Parasites • Deworming pigs • Sows and guilts one week before farrowing • Protects piglets

  21. Controlling Parasites • Poultry Houses • Mites, bedbugs, fowl ticks hide in daylight • Emerge at night • Cracks and crevices must be sprayed

  22. Controlling Parasites • Poultry • Little problems with worms • Confinement housing offers protection • Wire cage

  23. Controlling Parasites Chemical, mechanical, biological, and cultural methods are used to reduce loss in poultry and livestock

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