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This overview explores the lifecycle of massive stars beginning with the interstellar hydrogen region, leading to gravitational collapse and the ignition of nuclear fusion. As inward gravitational forces clash with the outward pressure from fusion, an "onion-shell" structure develops, consisting of various layers rich in elements like H, He, C, and more. The process culminates in the formation of neutron stars, showcasing the extraordinary transformations undergone by "normal" stars throughout their evolution.
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Region of interstellar hydrogen Gravitational collapse Ignition (fusion)
Inward gravitational forces Outward pressure from fusion
“Onion shell structure of a massive star” H He C,O,N,Ne,Mg Si,S,Cl,Ar,K,Ca Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni
H, He rich “normal” star Neutron star