名词性从句制作郑艳艳

名词性从句 • 制作郑艳艳

讲述要点: • 一.名词性从句的分类 • 二.名词性从句的引导词 • 三.各类名词性从句应注意点 • 四. 名词性从句考点 • 五.作题思路

一.名词性从句的分类

复合句按其在句子中的作用可分以下类型： 名词性从句 (主、宾、表、同）复形容词性从句（定语从句）合句副词性从句（状语从句）

二.名词性从句的引导词

三 .各类名词性从句应注意点

主语从句 (2点) 1、when we have our sports meets is still a question.=It is still a question when we have our sports meets 位置可放在句首，也可放在句末前用it代替但what (ever)引导的主语从句不用it结构 What he wants is a book.

2. 主语从句必背句型 • It’s said that…据说…… • It’s reported that…据报道…… • It’s believed that …人们相信…… • It’s well-known that…众说周知…… • It’s thought that…人们认为…… • It’s announced that …据宣布…… • It’s a pity that … 很遗憾…… • It’s no wonder that… 难怪……

‘ • 宾语从句（3点） • ⑴doubt 如果是用于肯定句其后宾语从句用whether;否定句,疑问句用that • I doubt whether he will come. • There is no doubt that he is right. • ⑵在think，believe ,imagine, suppose , expect… 后的宾语从句如果从句谓语是否定意义,注意否定转移以及其反意疑问句的变法

I don’t think you are a student. • You don’t believe that he is a student . • — ? • ⑶that 不能放在介词后引导宾语从句但except 除外 • We need to think about what we should say to the visitors. are you? is he

表语从句(1点) 必须放在系动词(be, seem, look…)后 • It looks as if it is going to rain.(有时要考虑虚拟语气)

同位语从句(1点) • that 引导的同位语从句和定语从句的区别 • ① 从名词的类别及从句对它的作用 • 同位语从句前的名词多为抽象名词(belief ,fact ,hope, idea, news , problem , information, promise……)是对前面的名词进一步的补充说明;而定语从句不然且是对前面的先行词加以限定. • ②看 that 是否作成分 • that 在同位语从句不作成分且不能省略但在定语从句中必须做成分,有时也可省

The news that our basketball team won the match was encouraging. • The news that we heard over the radio was not true. (同) ( 定)

四. 易考点(5点)

1. Whether 和if 的区别 • 用whether 不用if的四种情况 • ①在主,表,同从句中当 “是否”讲时 • Whether he goes with us makes no difference. • The problem is whether we can finish the task on time . • The problem whether he needs to come hasn’t been decided. (主) (表) (同)

从此可以看出if 只能引导名词性从句中的宾语从句 • I wonder whether /if the news is true.

②如有or not 紧跟其后时 • I wonder whether or not the news is true . • I wonder whether /if the news is true or not • (or not 放在句末可用if) • ③介词后的宾语从句 • It depends on whether you want to do it or not .

④后接不定式时 • I don’t know whether to go (or not).

2.that , what , which 引导名词性从句的区别 • that 不作成分无词义 • what , which 都作成分有词义what “什么”或 “所……的事/人”which “哪一个”含有一定的选择范围 • That he will help me is certain. • What he told me is true. • She wanted to know which shops is the best.

3、名词性从句中的语序问题 问题1： 1、Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ____. (全国2000) A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 2、 The photographs will show you ____．（MET1989） A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like D B 名词性从句中都用陈述语序，不用倒装语序。题1中的干扰项是B，对想要知道的人提问或应答都用 it 而不用人称代词 he, I , you 等。题2只要注意是介词宾语就行了。

4、名词性从句中的时态问题 问题1： 1、Scientists think that the continents _____ always where they _____ today. (05北京卷) A. aren’t; are B. aren’t; were C. weren’t; are D. weren’t; were 2、— Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. — Oh! I thought they ______ without me. (05江西卷) A．went B．are going C．have gone D．had gone C D ①当主句的动词为现在和将来时态时，名词性从句中的动作根据所发生的时间来定，可以有各种时态；②当主句的动词为过去时态时，从句中的动作一般都要使用相应的过去时，除非表示客观真理。③一些动词,名词后虚拟语气的情况

即主句谓语动词是suggest ,insist, demand , advise,order等宾语从句动词用(should) do • 同时把上面那些词转化为相应的名词后,其后的表语从句,同位语从句中的谓语动词也要用(should )do • Our teacher suggests that we (should) study hard. • Our teacher’s suggestion is that we (should) study hard. • Our teacher’s suggestion that we (should) • study hard is right.

在it is suggested ; it is ordered ;it is necessary/natural/important; it has been decided等结构后的主语从句中要用(should) do • It has been decided that the meeting be put off till next week. • It is important that we (should) study hard.

5、 it 作形式主语或形式宾语的问题 问题1： 1、_____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET1995) A. There B. This C. That D. It2、we must make _____clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished. A．that B．it C．this D．him D B 主语、宾语从句常用先行词 it 代替，而将其置于句末。但由 whatever, whoever 引导的主语从句一般不用 it 代替。

仍用感叹句的语序 6.宾语从句后的感叹句1) I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___ silly mistakes I had made. （05湖南卷） A. what B. that C. how D. which 2) Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children’s future. （04广东） A. that B. how C. such D. so what a(an)+adj +名词+主+谓 what +adj+名词(复数, 不可数) how +adj/ adv +主+谓 how +adj+a(an) + 名词+主+谓强调how后的名词只能为单数 A B

作题思路 • 1.根据其在句中的作用确定是哪一种从句,尤其要考虑定语从句和同位语从句 • 2.排除一些选项(一些就是非引导词;what 不引导定语从句;that 一般不放在介词后……) • 3.考虑每一个引导词在引导该从句时的区别 • 4.把引导词带入句中看句意是否通顺,结构是否完整,具体作何成分

单项填空 1.The question is ____the film is worth seeing. A. if B. what C. whether D. how 2.One of the men held the view _____ the book said was right. A .that what B. what that C .that D .whether 3.They received orders _____ the work be done at once. A .which B. when C. / D .that 4.Dr.Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge , I can’t remember ______ A. where B. there C. which D. that 5.Energy is _____ make things work. A. what B. everything C. something D. anything 6.The reason ____ I have to go is ____ my mother is ill in bed. A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because C A D C A C

7.He doesn’t think the question of _____ they are men or women is important. A. whether B if C. which D. why 8.He often think of _____ he can do more for his country. A. what B. how C. that D. which 9.It was ordered that all the soldiers _____ to the front. A. should send B. must be sent C. should be sent D. must go 10. Air is to us ______ water is to fish. A. is that B. what C. which d. that A B C B

Thank you very much!!

名词性从句 制作 郑艳艳