Phytochemistry

1. Phytochemistry

2. Phytochemistry: The science which studies the chemistry of the phytogenic products (natural products) ,which have therapeutic activity or/and have Pharmaceutical industry uses.

3. Examples:- • Flavoring agent: • Acacia syrup Fennel oil • Anethole Ginger • Anise oil Ginger oleoresin • Benzaldehyde Glucose • Caraway Glycyrrhiza • Caraway oil Glycyrrhiza elixir • Cardamom oil Glycyrrhiza extract • Cardamom seed Glycyrrhiza syrup • Cardamom tincture, Honey

4. Lavender oil Cherry juice Lemon oil Cherry syrup Lemon tincture Cinnamon Mannitol Cinnamon oil Methyl salicylate Cinnamon water Nutmeg oil Clove oil Orange, bitter, elixir Cocoa Orange, bitter, oil Cocoa syrup Orange flower oil Coriander oil Orange flower water Dextrose Orange oil

5. Ethyl vanillin Spearmint Orange peel, bitter Spearmint oil Orange peel, sweet, tincture Sucrose Orange syrup Syrup Peppermint Thyme oil Peppermint oil Tolu balsam Peppermint water Tolu balsam syrup Raspberry juice Vanilla Raspberry syrup Vanilla tincture Rosemary oil Vanillin Rose oil Wild cherry syrup Rose water

6. 2- Coloring agent:- Beet root – Red Paprika – (Oleo – resin) – Orange to red Saffron flower – Yellow to orange Carotenes – Carrot root ,Red pepper – Orange Curcumin – Turmeric rhizomes – Yellow color Chlorophyll – Green or olive green color

7. 3-Sweetening agent:- Sorbitol – Mountain ash berry 20 x s Sterioside – Stevia bark – 300 x s Glycyrrhizin – Licorice roots – 50 x s

8. The plants biosynthesize:- 1-Primary products: a-Carbohydrates. b-Proteins. d-Lipids. 2- Secondary products: Glycosides, Tannins, Alkaloids, V.O., Terpenoids, Steroids, Bitter principle,…….

9. Some plants biosynthesize alkaloids to get rid of nitrogen, others have bitter, acrid, pungent taste or have unpleasant odor or have toxic property all that to protect themselves from animals Insect repellents: Gourdin, nicotine Insect attractants: V.O., nectar