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The Tres Amigas SuperStation

The Tres Amigas SuperStation. VLPGO November 2011. LARGE INTERCONNECTED AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS. Common Interconnected AC System Problems. Diminishing Returns with large interconnected AC Systems. Long Distance Transmission Line losses System Voltage Stability/Levels

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The Tres Amigas SuperStation

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  1. The TresAmigasSuperStation VLPGO November2011

  2. LARGE INTERCONNECTED AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS

  3. Common Interconnected AC System Problems Diminishing Returns with large interconnected AC Systems Long Distance Transmission • Line losses • System Voltage Stability/Levels • Reactive Power Loading • Steady state • Transient Stability • Subsynchronous Oscillations • Latency issues (ie Spinning Reserves) • Inductive and Capacitive limitation factors Interconnections • Uncontrolled Load flow problems and bottlenecks • Congestion Issues • Inter Area loop flow • Cascading Blackouts • Oscillation Stability • Frequency control • Voltage Stability • Physical interactions between power systems

  4. Common Interconnected AC System Problems High Cost of Interconnections • Reliability Costs: NERC, RC, Relaying • N-1 criteria often creates underutilization of transmission lines • Complex coordinating arrangements (RTOs, IA, JOAs, etc.) • Need for sophisticated and costly system impact studies • Participation agreement complications with multiple impacted entities • Regional/Subregional perturbations/phenomena difficult and costly to analyze and manage • Deterministic planning practices do not capture the true economic value of transmission additions/upgrades

  5. China: Current HVDC National Grid Plan

  6. FUTURE EUROPEAN SUPERGRID 2016 – 2020

  7. From USDOE Office of Electric Delivery and Energy Reliability “Presently, only 30% of all power generated uses power electronics somewhere between the point of generation and end use.  BY 2030, 80%of all electric power will flow through power electronics .” Power electronics moves beyond devices that simply provide increased awareness, such as Phasor measurement systems.  These devices will respond to, interface with and control real time power flows.

  8. BENEFITS OF POWER ELECTRONICS • Increased power system reliability and security • Increased efficiency and loading  of existing transmission and distribution infrastructure • Huge gains in real time power flow control • Improved voltage and frequency regulation • Improved power system transient and dynamic stability • More flexibility in siting transmission and generation facilities • The distinction between consumer devices and utility devices will largely be eliminated electrically

  9. 21st century smart grid technologies compared with those in use today Source: IBM Institute for Business Value

  10. DISPATCH EQUATION • Dispatch Equation • Generation + Imports (or- Exports)=Load • Generators (real time data is known) • Ties (Import/Export) (real time data is known) • Load is not measured in real-time (load forecasted) • Transmission with predetermined limits (known with historical data) • New Solution every 5 minutes (SCED)

  11. Data to Information

  12. Hierarchical View of the Issues facing the European Transmission System Operators (TSOs) Source: ENTSO-E: The pathway towards common European network operation

  13. SUMMARY OF KEY CHALLENGES 1. Developing the next generation dispatcher tools to turn the vast volumes of real time data to meaningful information not only for power dispatch and control, but to also fully integrate all user devices or aggregating systems in the dispatch equation , develop predictive control in microseconds, provide trading and public information in minutes, perform forensic analysis in days. 2. A security regimen to continuously update to the challenges 3. More HVDC expertise in engineering and planning, including solving the multi- node HVDC buss issues.

  14. The Location: Regional Renewable Resource Potential Significant Regional Wind & Solar Capacity Factors in Excess of 35% Source: NREL

  15. New Mexico Economic Impact: Ripple Effect Illustrates Ripple Effect if 6.0 GW of Wind Is Developed by 2015 Direct Impacts from 6.0 GW Landowner Revenue: Over $16.3M/year Construction Phase: 13,800 new jobs $2.6B to local economies Operational Phase (20yrs): 1,460 new long-term jobs $130M/year to local economies Indirect Impacts Construction Phase: 7,200 new jobs $818M to local economies Operational Phase: 380 new long-term lobs $39.2M/year to local economies Induced Impacts Construction Phase 8,600 new jobs $905M to local economies Operational Phase: 800 new long-term jobs $78.6M/year to local economies Source: CDEAC report

  16. Design

  17. Strategic Partners and Vendors Foundation Fuel

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