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SPONGE

SPONGE. Look back in your notes from Thursday. Please write a paragraph describing what Darwin learned from the animals that he observed on his voyage. (Think adaptations and variations). What are adaptations?.

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SPONGE

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  1. SPONGE Look back in your notes from Thursday. Please write a paragraph describing what Darwin learned from the animals that he observed on his voyage. (Think adaptations and variations) What are adaptations? Is a physical difference in ONE individual in a group an adaptation or a variation?

  2. OBJECTIVE Today we will create a double bubble map comparing and contrasting the homologous structures of a bird vs. a whale.

  3. 10.4 Evidence of Evolution 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 19 • Topic: 10.4 Theory of Evidence of Evolution • Essential Question: • How can a bat’s wing be considered a homologous structure AND an analogous structure? • How can a bat’s wing be considered a homologous structure AND an analogous structure?

  4. Why is this important? Understanding that structural patterns are clues to the history of a species is important because some of Darwin’s best evidence for evolution came from comparing the body parts of different species.

  5. STANDARDS 8.d- Students know reproductive or geographic isolation affects speciation 7.3c- Students know how independent lines of evidence from geology, fossils, and comparative anatomy provide the bases for the theory of evolution

  6. KEY CONCEPT Evidence of common ancestry among species comes from many sources.

  7. Evidence of Evolution: 1. Fossils- are the preserved remains of animals, plants, and other organisms from the past.

  8. Fossils in older layers are more primitive (simple) than those in the upper layers • Evidence for change over time • The fossil record supports Darwin’s concept of Decent with modification

  9. Only a tiny percentage of living things became fossils. • Specific conditions are needed for fossilization.

  10. Relative dating estimates the time during which an organism lived. • It compares the placementof fossils in layers of rock. • Scientists infer the order inwhich species existed.

  11. Fossil evidence of evolution of Hominid Skull The term "hominid" may refer to "humans and relatives of humans closer than chimpanzees".[2] In this usage, all hominid species other than Homo sapiens are extinct

  12. Darwin saw that island finches looked like, but were not identical to, species on the S. American Continent • Different ecosystems, favored different traits • 2. Geography:

  13. The similar features of embryos in very different organisms suggests evolution from a distant common ancestor • 3. Embryology (study of embryos): Anatomy of an embryo e

  14. Larva Adultbarnacle Adult crab Darwin studied the embryos of crabs and barnacles: • identical larvae, but different adult body forms • similar embryos, but look and behave very differently

  15. Look for the similarities of the embryos

  16. Some of Darwin’s best evidence came from comparing body parts of different species • 4. Anatomy: • Homologous structures are similar in structure but different in function

  17. The similarities in anatomy in different species offers strong evidence for a common ancestry • It would be unlikely for many species to have such similar anatomy if each species evolved separately.

  18. Homologous Structures: 1. Identify each animals’ anatomical structure (by coloring like bones the same color) 2. Identify each animals anatomical function

  19. Homologous Structures: All have a similar structure (the bones are similar), but their functions are different. (Some for walking, some for flying, some for swimming)

  20. Studying, anatomy gives us clues to the history of a species • Vestigial Structures: Are remnants of organs or structures that had a function in an early ancestor

  21. Points to Ponder • Compare these wings. • They are both used to _______ • Are the structures the same?

  22. Points to Ponder • Suppose two organisms have similar needs caused by the environment, for example two different organisms needing to fly… • Both can develop similar adaptations using different body parts (analogous structures)

  23. Analogous structures have a similar function, but are NOT similar in origin • Analogous structures are NOT evidence of a common ancestor!!!!!!

  24. **Identify each animals’ anatomical structure vs. function

  25. Chitin Bone and Skin Chitin Bone and feathers **Identify each animals’ anatomical structure vs. function All function the same way (they are all used for flying), but their structures are different

  26. SPONGE Please open your study guides to page 105 and complete it. For those of you who forgot it…. Geography: Fossils: Give examples of each Evidence for evolution in Darwin’s time came from several sources Anatomy: Embryology:

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