Development and Application of Bamboo as New Building Materials Prof .Chen Xuhe, International Center for Bamboo

1. Development and Application of Bamboo as New Building Materials  Prof .Chen Xuhe,  International Center for Bamboo and Rattan May 2010, Beijing 

2. Introduction Bamboo is a fast growing renewable resource and has long been used as building materials for both structural and decorative uses.

3. Bamboo- an environmental friendly material fast growing with short production cycle multiplication easy and growing on poor soil energy efficient material, its processing needs 2/3 energy of that for wood, 1/9 for steel, 1/4 for aluminum and 1 /22 for concrete. good strength, flexibility and versatility

5. A study shows, by using wood to replace concrete/ steel in Europe, the CO2 emission could be reduced by 15-20% Using wood/bamboo as the major building materials could make important contribution to reducing CO2 emission.

7. Bamboo Housing Nowadays, some minorities in the Southwest China, like the Dai people in Yunnan, still live in bamboo houses.

10. Solid bamboo has some difficulties in industrial applications as its tapered culms with nodes it doesn't have standard sizes its properties vary much among species, between culms of same species

11. New Bamboo Based Engineered Materials Made through a series mechanical/ chemical processing, bamboo based panels featured in large standard sizes with good strength and flexibility, can be widely used for decorative, structural and environmental protection applications

12. Advantages of Bamboo Engineered Materials standard sizes good / stable properties Engineered products with anti-insects/decay properties, can meet requirements on strength /stiffness by adjusting structure/sizes From renewable resources

13. Bamboo Plywood Made from bamboo mats/curtains Usually 3,5(7) layers; Density0.8-0.85g/cm3, closed to broad-leaf tree timber Major uses: Concrete formwork (paper laminated); truck platforms, packing, etc.

14.  Bamboo mat /curtain plywood 

15. Drying the glued curtains/mats to 10-15% m.c; Assembling : --the curtains crossed with the adjacent layers, and the whole assembly is faced with one mat each at the top and bottom --mats only used --the whole assembly faced with PF paper each at the top and /or bottom ( for concrete works) Hot pressing ( 130~140 ?, for 1.5~2 min/mm, under 3-3.5 MPa. ) Trimming. 

22. Laminated Bamboo Lumber Laminated Bamboo Lumber is made of high quality bamboo strips. Size: 3-40x1200x2400mm 3-8mm thin panel for furniture, decoration Thick LBL for both structure & decoration purposes and art and craft products. Product properties: Density 0.85g/cm3, hardness 32HB, bending strength along grain 140MPa, elastic modulus 15000MPa.

26. 1. Pingbian School Project

27. Pingbian School Insulation Thermal mass Natural ventilation Night ventilation Overhangs Shading Daylight Solar hot water system Passive solar

28. Bamboo panels for structural purposes Bamboo laminated lumber, bamboo plywood and particleboard were developed from Phyllostachys pubescens (or Mao Jue) and D. Yunnanicus The mechanical properties of structural grade bamboo laminated lumber were higher than that of JIS Standard “ Laminated veneer lumber for structural uses” . The performance properties of bamboo plywood and particleboard for wall and roof panels were higher than that of US/ European OSB standards.

31. Prefabrication is an important trend in wooden house construction industry

33. Mobile flat packed ,easy in storage /transportation

34. Main partners: INBAR , ICBR,CAF, Fustar Co., and Beijing Chengdong Co. Completed in late Oct 2005.

35. Bamboo panel components

39. According to relevant Chinese National standards, sound insulation, thermal transmission and fire-resistance properties of the panel components were tested at the National Center for Quality Supervision and Test of Building Engineering. The testing results show that the sound insulation of the bamboo panel component reaches Class III, and the thermal insulation reaches Class IV, and both have met the requirements of performance for building wall materials. The fire resistance performance of the bamboo panel component is higher than Class IV for non loading wall, partitions for escape passage and rooms.

40. 3. “Development and Promotion of Prefabricated Bamboo Module Housing to Provide both Income and Housing to Poor People” Project (2007-2008) Partners: INBAR, ICBR, CAF, Fustar and Beijing Chengdong Donor: Blue Moon Fund. The project developed mainly three kinds of prototype modular bamboo house designs including residence house, storage and classroom

44. 4. Prefabricated bamboo houses for disaster relief

46. Dujiangyan Bamboo Housing Project ??????????????????,????????????,????????????????????? ??:?????????,?????????,?????????????????,,???????????????????????????????????????? ???:????????????,??????????,??????????????????,?????(60cm*60cm)??,?????????????? ????,??????????????????????,??????????????????,???????????????????,

66. 5. CFC Project “Development and Commoditization of the Pre-fabricated Modular Bamboo Housing in Asia and Africa”

67. Project Summary Duration : 36 months Location : Nepal, Ethiopia, China Project Objective : To support the establishment of pre-processing and production centers for pre-fabricated bamboo houses in Nepal and Ethiopia, by transferring and commercializing the technology developed in China , to promote bamboo for environmentally friendly housing in Asia and Africa

68. Supervisory Body: INBAR Project Executing Agency International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan (ICBR) Collaborating Institutions: Agro Enterprise Centre, Federation of Nepalese Chamber of Commerce and Industry (FNCCI /AEC) , Nepal Federal Micro and Small Enterprise Development Agency, Ethiopia Research Institute of Wood Industry, Beijing, China, Yongan Forestry Bureau

73. To avoid mistakes and a lot of new research it is recommended to follow an existing wood frame technology. Based on experience the “Canadian Wood-frame House Construction” (supported and published by CMHC Canada) is very suitable for this purpose.  In Ethiopia and Nepal there is also a market for bamboo plywood , the project will produce ,as in-fill in concrete buildings.

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81. Permanent resident house

82. Villa

90. Bamboo New Building Materials at Shanghai Expo