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Era of Idealism

Era of Idealism. Phrenology. Timeline. 1821 New York constructs first prison 1824 New Harmony established 1824-27 Peak of revivals 1830 Book of Mormon published 1833 American Anti-Slavery Society 1836 “gag rule” passed 1848 Seneca Falls convention. Fires of Perfection.

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Era of Idealism

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  1. Era of Idealism Phrenology

  2. Timeline • 1821 New York constructs first prison • 1824 New Harmony established • 1824-27 Peak of revivals • 1830 Book of Mormon published • 1833 American Anti-Slavery Society • 1836 “gag rule” passed • 1848 Seneca Falls convention

  3. Fires of Perfection • Millenialism • Philosophy of revivalism • free will and perfectionism • transformation of Protestantism.

  4. Fires of Perfection • Charles G. Finney • “new measures” • protracted meetings • “Anxious Bench” • emotional appeals • pray for sinners by name • Rochester revival • town split by economic growth • brings order to the town - converts from all classes • church membership tied to advancement • reinforces values • accept moral self-discipline.

  5. Rise of African American Churches • Richard Allen founds Bethel Church 1794 • 1787 ousted for praying in white portion of church • first church where African Americans could worship without discrimination • Increasing racial tensions leads to formation of black Methodist and Baptist churches in northern and southern cities.

  6. Rise of African American Churches • fears of slave revolts leads to southern suppression of black churches • AME church is largest • 1860 has 20,000 members.

  7. Impact of Revivalism on Society • Significance of Second Great Awakening • reaction to declining Christianity • Evangelicalism bolsters individualism and equality.

  8. Women’s Sphere • Ideals of Domesticity • “sisterhood” and social networks • split between home and work • breadwinner vs. homemaker • Catherine Beecher • moral guardians • “republican motherhood” • education • home management.

  9. American Romanticism • Clash between Nature and Civilization • James Fenimore Cooper & wilderness • Henry David Thoreau & individualism • Walt Whitman & democracy • Herman Melville & nature’s destructive power

  10. Age of Reform • Utopian Communities • New Harmony established 1824 • The Shakers • Oneida Community and complex marriage

  11. Age of Reform • Temperance Movement • American Temperance Society • led by clergy • highest level of consumption:4 gallons/year! • Women’s Christ-ian Temperance Movement WCTM • Support of upwardly mobile.

  12. Age of Reform • Abolition • moral persuasion vs. colonization vs. immediatism • William Lloyd Garrison • geography of abolitionism • black abolitionists • Harriet Tubman • Frederick Douglass • splits in abolitionist ranks. Anti-Abolition riot in Illinois

  13. Age of Reform • Women’s Rights Movement • Seneca Falls convention July 19-20, 1848. “Why shall [women] be left only the poor resource of petition? For even petitions, when they are from women, without the elective franchise to give them backbone, are but of little consequence.” -The Lily

  14. Age of Reform • Age of technology • Railroad • Steamship • Telegraph • what is this?. A velocipede

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