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Histogenetic Classification of Epithelial Neoplasms: A Comprehensive Overview

This document provides an in-depth classification of neoplasms, focusing specifically on epithelial tumors. It explores various histogenetic groups, including mesenchymal, neuroectodermal, and mixed neoplasms such as teratomas and choriocarcinomas. Key topics include the behavior of neoplasms (benign, borderline, malignant), tumor typing and grading, as well as the processes involved in metastasis. The document also addresses the clinical implications, diagnostic approaches, and the role of carcinogens, with attention to histological and cytological features crucial for diagnosis and treatment strategies.

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Histogenetic Classification of Epithelial Neoplasms: A Comprehensive Overview

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  1. General Pathology Histogenetic Classification of Neoplasms Epithelial Neoplasms Jaroslava Dušková Inst. Pathol. ,1st Med. Faculty, Charles Univ. Prague http://www1.lf1.cuni.cz/~jdusk/

  2. NEOPLASIA – classification HISTOGENETIC • mesenchymal • epithelial • neuroectodermal • mixed, teratoma • choriocarcinoma • mesotelioma

  3. Epithelial Tumours • surface epithelium papillomas carcinomas / papillocarcinomas • glandular epithelium adenomas adenocarcinomas • double diff. mucoepidermoid

  4. squamous transitional urothelium papillomas carcinomas / papillocarcinomas Surface Epithelium

  5. NEOPLASIA – classification BEHAVIORAL • benign • borderline • malignant histological vs. clinical behaviour

  6. NEOPLASIA – growth benign expansive borderline - locally destructive malignant infiltrative METASTASES

  7. NEOPLASIA – macroscopy • mass • ulceration • both

  8. NEOPLASIA – cytology Benign similar to nonneoplastic Malignant cellular pleomorphism NUCLEAR FEATURES: hyperchromasia(polyploidy, aneuploidy) rough chromatine structure irregular nuclear outline large and/or multiple nucleoli or undifferentiated monotonous cellularity

  9. Malignant Tumour TYPING ICD-O GRADING G1 G2 G3 STAGING pTpNpM Tumour -Noduli-Metastases

  10. Urothelium - Precanceroses • often in the vicinity of the neoplasm • bearing the same mutations • precursors of recidives

  11. Epithelial Tumours • surface epithelium papillomas carcinomas / papillocarcinomas • glandular epithelium adenomas adenocarcinomas • double diff. mucoepidermoid

  12. Cancerogens • chemical • physical - radiation • biological • infectious – oncogenic bacteria & viruses • hormonal

  13. Carcinoma – symptoms & complications • no • mass • pressure, blockade – content/secretion retention - infection • ulceration • bleeding occult/massive – aneamia • cachexia (TNF, cachectin…)

  14. Carcinoma - diagnosis • clinical investigation, imaging • cytopathology • histopathology

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