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Managing Public Sector Reform

Managing Public Sector Reform. Impacts of GMS Cooperation and Integration on Public Sector Reform. Overview. GMS Cooperation and Integration GMS as center of future economy. The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS). People’s Republic of China Land area: 633 thou sq km Population: 97.3 M

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Managing Public Sector Reform

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  1. Managing Public Sector Reform Impacts of GMS Cooperation and Integration on Public Sector Reform

  2. Overview • GMS Cooperation and Integration • GMS as center of future economy

  3. The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) People’s Republic of China Land area: 633 thou sq km Population: 97.3 M GDP per capita: US$1,135 (figures for Yunnan and Guangxi only) Myanmar Land area: 677 thou sq km Population: 54.8 M GDP per capita: US$255 (2005) Viet Nam Land area: 332 thou sq km Population: 84.1 M GDP per capita: US$724 Thailand Land area: 513 thou sq km Population: 65.8 M GDP per capita: US$3,133 Lao PDR Land area: 237 thou sq km Population: 5.7 M GDP per capita: US$601 The GMS in 2006 Land area: 2.6 M sq km Population: 323 M GDP per capita: US$1,453* * excludes Myanmar Cambodia Land area: 181 thou sq km Population: 14.1 M GDP per capita: US$510

  4. Map Displaying GMS Corridors Network

  5. Road Transport Network 1992

  6. Road Transport Network 2006

  7. Road Transport Network 2015 R3 a 228 km R3 b 253 km R 9 EWEC 246 3rd Bridge Nakhon Panom – Takek 4th Bridge – Chiang Kong - Hoisai

  8. GMS Power Grid 1992 2004 2012 • Info. Super Highway Network Power Transmission Line Telecommunications Backbone

  9. Energy & Power Thailand’s Energy Infrastructure: Cooperation with Neighboring Countries Myanmar Hydro Potential Thanlwin : 16,000 MW • Establish Energy Power Market - Power Grid - Power Trade Operating Agreement • Cross Border Cooperation on Alternative Energy i.e. Biofuels Hydropower & Others • Support Energy for the Poor i.e. Rural Electrification, Border Power Trade Lao PDR Hydro Potential Mekong Tributaries : 5,000 MW Myanmar Natural Gas Potential Yadana & Yetagun: 7.98 tcf Malaysia Power Exchange Existing 300 MW Future 300 MW Oil & Gas in JDA 5 tcf (Thai Share)

  10. Lao PDR Viet Nam “No-Man’s Zone” Physical Inspection Physical Inspection Export/Transit Cargo As required C-L+V Q-L+V I-L+V I-V+L Q-V+L C-V+L As required Export/Transit Cargo C-L,C-V Q-L,Q-V C-L,C-V Q-L,Q-V C-Customs I-Immigration Q-Quarantine L-Lao PDR V-Viet Nam CCA CCA Cross-Border Transport Facilitation in the GMS • Coverage • Exchange of Traffic Rights • Facilitation of Frontier-Crossing Formalities • Components • Framework Agreement • Annexes and Protocols (A&P) • MOUs for Pilot Implementation

  11. Strategic Framework for Action on Trade Facilitation and Investment (SFA-TFI) • Action plan to support trade facilitation, addressing bottlenecks along the supply chain on a regional level: • Trade logistics • Customs • Inspection, quarantine, and SPS • Business mobility

  12. BY 2009 FULL IMPLEMENTATION • Mukdahan – Savannakhet • Lao-Bao – Dansavanh POTENTIAL NEW BORDER CROSSING POINTS • Aranyaprathet – Poipet • Bavet – Moc Bai • Hekou – Lao Cai SECOND PHASE (commencing in 2007) FIRST PHASE (commencing in 2005/06) YOUYIGUAN (PRC) - HUU NGHI (VIE) • Myawaddy – Mae Sot • Mae Sai – Tachilek • Chongmek – Wang Tao • Houayxay – Chiang Khong THAKHEK (LAO) – HA TINH (VIE) • Nam Phao – Cau Treo THIRD PHASE (commencing in 2008/2009) • Nongkhai – Thanaleng • Mohan – Boten • Hat Lek – Cham Yeam • Veune Kham – Dong Kralor • Ruili – Muse LORK (CAM) – XA XIA (VIE) Geographic Coverage of CBTA

  13. Promoting the GMS as a Single Tourist Destination • 2005: GMS Tourism Sector Strategy (2006-2015) – • Mekong River Corridor • Golden Triangle • East-West Corridor • Emerald Triangle • Southern Coastal • Green Cluster • Houphanh-Than-Hoa Oun La Tourism Circuit • Andaman Coast and Islands • 10. Red River Valley • 11. Guangxi-North Vietnam Islands Source: GMS Tourism Sector Strategy (2006-2015)

  14. 2 • Will new economic centers appear within GMS over the next 20 years? If so, where will it likely be located and why?

  15. Global Trends of Regional Integration EU ACD ASEM GMS ACMECS NAFTA ASEAN Community (APSC, AEC, ASCC) APEC BIMSTEC WTO IMT- GT Korea Japan PRC India FTAs e.g. Japan, China, Australia, New Zealand, Bahrain, Peru, India, USA, BIMSTEC etc…

  16. Strengthening Capacity by Promoting Subregional Cooperation GMS -- Connectivity Competitiveness Community ACMECS -- Sister Cities Contract Farming Narrowing Economic Gap BIMSTEC -- New Emerging Economies Poverty Eradication Anti-Terrorism JDS – Stability & Security IMT-GT – Avian Influenza Energy, Natural Disaster and Earthquake Security

  17. Southeast Asia’s Pop. = 555 mill. in 2006 -> 700 mill. expected in 2030 GNI accounts for 785 bill.USD in 2006 -> could attain 2,465 bill.USD in 2030 Strategic Location of Thailand in Southeast Asia Korea China Afganistan Japan Pakistan Bangladesh USA India Middle East Europe Africa Myanmar Laos South China Sea Thailand Vietnam Philippines Bay of Bengal Cambodia Market Potentials: • 312 millions of pop. in GMS • 67.5 millions of pop. in IMT-GT • 2,400 millions in PR China + India Gulf of Thailand Sri Lanka Malaysia Brunei Singapore Indonesia

  18. Strategic Location Trade & Investment Openness Enhanced Connectivity & Efficient Logistics Competitive Economy Thailand’s Regional Development Outlook Building Economic Partnership within the Region

  19. What will be the impact of tighter infrastructure and economic integration between the regions (e.g., GDP growth in the country/ region, level of trade activities, migration) vs. standalone case?

  20. Aggregate Annual Cross-Border Trade Export and Import Between Thailand and Four-Neighbouring Countries and Transit Trade To/From China During 1996-2008 (January-April)

  21. Impacts • Close the development gap between GMS countries • Regular Migration, open border • Interdependence • Over exploitation of NR

  22. Words of Advice • You cannot solve today problem with yesterday solution

  23. Do not cut • Don’t cut people feet to meet your shoes, • Train and show them to make the shoes that fit them

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