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Applying Modern S oftware D evelopment Techniques to Automating the Web UI

Applying Modern S oftware D evelopment Techniques to Automating the Web UI. Who we Are. Christopher Taylor – Ultimate Software QA Automation/Tester Certified Scrum Master. Michael Longin – Ultimate Software Software Engineer Certified Scrum Master Project Lead - SWAT.

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Applying Modern S oftware D evelopment Techniques to Automating the Web UI

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  1. Applying Modern Software Development Techniques to Automating the Web UI

  2. Who we Are Christopher Taylor – Ultimate Software QA Automation/Tester Certified Scrum Master Michael Longin – Ultimate Software Software Engineer Certified Scrum Master Project Lead - SWAT

  3. Goals For This Session • Attendees will gain a better understanding of how to apply modern software development techniques for UI testing in an effort to create more agile and resilient tests, as well as improve overall quality. • “Automated testing done right is Software Development” • Elfriede Dustin and Marcus Borch @ GTAC 2008 • “Recorders are the training wheels of the automation world” • Loosely translated from Jason Huggins @ AA-FTT 2009

  4. Tools You Will See Today • SWAT • Simple Web Automation Toolkit • C# library for writing tests against a web UI • http://ulti-swat.wikispaces.com/ • Fitnesse • Wiki based requirements test tool • www.fitnesse.org Both are open source and can be used either together or stand alone

  5. Outline • What is wrong with the record\playback technique • Applying Acceptance Test Driven Design • Refactoring • Pair testing • Comparing new methods to record\playback

  6. Record-Playback Technique Weaknesses • Brittle • Easily broken when features change, even when the feature is not part of the test • Very hard to update without re-recording • Not Agile • Can only be done when code is complete • Only tests what you record and not what you expect • Requires cleanup post recording • Time consuming • Hard to read and understand

  7. Acceptance Test Driven Design • A way of writing software where the test is written before coding has commenced • Not just for testing below the UI • A passing test demonstrates satisfaction of requirements • Allows both positive and negative test case scenarios

  8. ATDD as part of UI development • Test defines the user experience • Programmers can code the user interface to a prewritten test • Automated tests are written alongside the test cases and coding effort • Turns vertical slicing into completed automation

  9. How to use ATDD with the UI • Starts with well written conditions of satisfaction • Automation script is developed alongside test case creation • Consistent naming standards are key* • txb -> Textbox • btn -> Button • lbl -> Label *if naming is wrong, can be easily updated • Once test is complete, developer can start running the test against code • Once test runs green, the story is complete

  10. User Story #1 : Login • As a user I want to provide my username and password to login • Conditions of Satisfaction • Login and password boxes are present • Title should read “M&C Life Insurance” • Valid login should lead to homepage • Example login: ctaylor/password • Homepage should read “Welcome”

  11. User Story #1: Prototype

  12. Applying ATDD continued • Example User Story #1 • Title should read “M&C Life Insurance” • Title means an H2 • Text reads: “M&C Life Insurance” • Login and Password boxes are present • Two text boxes • Login - >txbLogin • Password -> txbPassword • Login button -> btnLogin

  13. Demonstration of Code • Conditions of Satisfaction (Test underneath) • -Test Setup (Open the browser and navigate) • |OpenBrowser| • |NavigateBrowser|MCInsurance.com| • -Login and password boxes are present • |AssertElementExists|id|txbLogin|INPUT| • |AssertElementExists|id|txbPassword|INPUT|

  14. Demonstration of Code (continued) Conditions of Satisfaction (Test underneath) -Title should read “M&C Life Insurance” |AssertElementExists|innerHTML| M&C Life Insurance |H2| -Valid Login should lead to homepage |SetElementAttribute|id|txbLogin|value|ctaylor|INPUT| |SetElementAttribute|id|txbPassword|value|password|INPUT| |StimulateElement|id|btnLogin|onclick|INPUT| |AssertElementExists|Expression|innerHTML:Welcome|H1|

  15. Refactoring • Why refactor? • Less time to write automation • Less maintenance • Creates reusable code • Creates a domain specific language • What is refactoring? • For our purposes • Turn frequently used blocks of code into single line reusable entities • Use variables to make tests more robust • Creates an easily readable test by using English named functions

  16. Additional Benefits of Refactoring • Allows tests to be easily updated if core features change • If login changed for example, only one update needed • Allows those beginning to write tests to take advantage of previously created work • Makes tests much easier to read and debug

  17. User Story #2:View My Name • As a user, I want to be welcomed by my name after I login • Conditions of Satisfaction • My first and last name are correct • Title should read “Welcome ‘first name’ ‘last name’” • Example: “Welcome Chris Taylor”

  18. User Story #2: Prototype

  19. A Test Refactored • Example: |OpenBrowser| |NavigateBrowser|MCInsurance.com| |SetElementAttribute|id|txbLogin|value|ctaylor|INPUT| |SetElementAttribute|id|txbPassword|value|password|INPUT| |StimulateElement|id|btnLogin|onclick|INPUT| |AssertElementExists|Expression|innerHTML:Welcome Chris Taylor|H1| • Becomes: !define userName (ctaylor) !define password (password) !include .Macros.Login |AssertElementExists|Expression|innerHTML:Welcome Chris Taylor|H1| Example:

  20. Pair Testing • Benefits rival those of Pair Programming • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pair_programming#Benefits • (Yes, we did in fact just site Wikipedia) • Can be very effective for both writing automation and locating missing requirements • Two heads are always better than one • While automating you can also accomplish exploratory testing • Can shorten manual\exploratory testing phase when integrated with the creation of automation

  21. Recorded vs New Way (Recorded) |OpenBrowser| |NavigateBrowser|http://localhost/codecampwebsite| |AssertElementExists|expression|innerHTML:M&amp.C Life Insurance|H1| |StimulateElement|Expression|innerHtml:.INPUT id=ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_login_textBoxLogin name=ctl00.ContentPlaceHolder1.login.textBoxLogin.|onclick|TD| |StimulateElement|Expression|innerHtml:.TABLE.[\r]+[\n]+.TBODY.[\r]+[\n]+.TR.[\r]+[\n]+.TD.User Name..TD.[\r]+[\n]+.TD..INPUT id=ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_login_textBoxLogin name=ctl00.ContentPlaceHolder1.login.textBoxLogin...TD...TR.[\r]+[\n]+.TR.[\r]+[\n]+.TD.Password..TD.[\r]+[\n]+.TD..INPUT id=ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_login_txbPassword type=password value="" name=ctl00.ContentPlaceHolder1.login.txbPassword...TD...TR.[\r]+[\n]+.TR.[\r]+[\n]+.TD align=middle colSpan=2..INPUT id=ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_login_btnLogin type=submit value=Login name=ctl00.ContentPlaceHolder1.login.btnLogin. ..TD...TR...TBODY...TABLE.|onclick|DIV| |SetElementAttribute|id|ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_login_textBoxLogin|Value|ctaylor|INPUT| |SetElementAttribute|id|ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_login_txbPassword|Value|password|INPUT| |StimulateElement|Expression|id:ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_login_btnLogin|onclick|INPUT| |AssertElementExists|expression|innerHTML:Welcome Chris Taylor|H2|

  22. Recorded vs New Way (New way) !define userName (ctaylor) !define password (password) !include .Macros.Login |AssertElementExists|Expression|innerHTML:Welcome Chris Taylor|H1| Login Macro |OpenBrowser| |NavigateBrowser|http://localhost/codecampwebsite| |SetElementAttribute|id|txbLogin|Value|${userName}|INPUT| |SetElementAttribute|id|txbPassword|Value|${password}|INPUT| |StimulateElement|Expression|id:btnLogin|onclick|INPUT|

  23. Recorded vs New Way (An Example) • Recorded • Unreadable • Unorganized • Not useable as documentation (concept of testable documentation) • New way • Easily readable • Robust • Testable documentation

  24. Where to Get Help • Questions • SWAT: • http://sourceforge.net/forum/?group_id=199701 • Fitnesse: • http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/fitnesse/?v=1&t=search&ch=web&pub=groups&sec=group&slk=2 • Email • michael_longin@ultimatesoftware.com • christopher_taylor@ultimatesoftware.com • Blogs • devXero.wordpress.com • www.agile-tester.com • Websites • http://www.fitnesse.org/ • http://ulti-swat.wikispaces.com/

  25. Questions

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