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The civil War April 12 1861-April 9 1865

The civil War April 12 1861-April 9 1865. By Matthew Harrell. Presidents for Each . Abraham Lincoln, Union (elected president before war started). Jefferson Davis, Confederate (Elected president after war started). Union. Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Missouri Nevada

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The civil War April 12 1861-April 9 1865

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  1. The civil War April 12 1861-April 9 1865 By Matthew Harrell

  2. Presidents for Each • Abraham Lincoln, Union • (elected president before war started) • Jefferson Davis, Confederate • (Elected president after war started)

  3. Union • Massachusetts • Michigan • Minnesota • Missouri • Nevada • New Hampshire • New York • New Jersey • Ohio • Oregon • Pennsylvania • Rhode Island • Vermont • California • Connecticut • Illinois • Indiana • Iowa • Kansas • Maine

  4. Confederate South Carolina • Mississippi • Florida • Alabama • Georgia • Louisiana • Texas • Virginia • Arkansas • Tennessee • North Carolina

  5. Border States • they are states that did not secede from the country but still have slavery. ) • Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky and West Virginia

  6. Confederate alliances • Countries allied with south/ confederate • Britain and France • Why the alliance? • The south had manly farms and little factories so they needed guns and factories. Britain and France were willing to help them if the French could have some influences in Mexico and Britain needed the cotton the a south had.

  7. Battle of Fort Sumter April 12, 1861 • Charleston ,South Carolina at Fort Sumter • General Beauregardorder attack fort Sumter (confederate) • Two days of fighting, no causalities • Major Anderson(union) surrendered April 14th • But after the battle two Union soldiers died of an explosion of an artillery shell • This battle was the start of the civil war

  8. Fort Sumter Ablaze

  9. First battle of Bull RunJuly 21,1861 • Manassas, Virginia • General McDowell (Union) wanted to capture the confederate capital Richmond, VA • General Beauregard(confederate) retreated to get more supplies left General Jackson(confederate) in charge and had to hold the line. Hints the name “Stonewall Jackson” • Fresh supplies came in and the confederate drove the union out of Richmond • Causalities Union 2,896 deaths; Confederate 1,982 • Both sides realized that this is going to be a long war and there will be lots of causalities

  10. Second battle of bull run August 29-30, 1862 • Manassas, Virginia • Union: General Pope and General McDowell • Confederate: General Lee and Stonewall Jackson • Pope held a line because he was pinned between Lee’s and Jackson and he was unable to retreat • Fortunately Pope’s troops were pulled out by General Meades troops in a full retreat. And the confederate win. • Union causalities: 14,500 • Confederate Causalities:9,500 • The Union realized that general Lee is a powerfulGeneral

  11. Bull Run

  12. Battle of GettysburgJuly 1-3 1863 • Gettysburg, Pennsylvania • General Meade (union) wanted to defend Gettysburg from the invading confederate troops • General Lee was heading to Philadelphia and will destroy any union army along the way.

  13. Day 1-3 • Day 1: confederates sent union troops running • Day 2: Despite heavy fire the Union held the line • Day 3 : confederates charged on cemetery ridge (picketts ridge) but the union held them off with heavy artillery fire • Union causalities: 23,055 • Confederate casualties 23,231 • This was the turning point for the union

  14. The Battle

  15. 1st battle of Fort FisherDecember 25-27 1864 • Wilmington, North Carolina in Fort Fisher • Fort was made of dirt and sand to resist cannon fire • Union wanted to take final port from the confederate • Confederate held of the the fort

  16. Fort Fisher in Battle

  17. Second Battle of Fort FisherJanuary 13-15 1865 • Same place • Union Major General Alfred Terry commanded 9,000 ground troops • Union Admiral Porter commanded 9 ships both wanted to try to take fort fisher again with a bigger army • Confederate • General Whiting commanded 1,900 troops • General Hoke commanded 6,400 troops north of fort fisher • General Bragg order Hoke to not assist Whiting • Hoke and Whiting were killed fort fisher was captured and so was General Bragg • Union causalities: 1,338; Confederate casualties 583 • This was the last confederate port

  18. Fort Fisher Losing?

  19. Battle of Appomattox CourthouseApril 9, 1865 • Appomattox county, Virginia • General Grant(Union) sent General Lee • (confederate) a letter asking him to surrender • Lee said no • Grant sent a Calvary and burned the supplies on the train • After a little fighting and 500 confederate casualties then Lee surrendered • This battle was the end of the war

  20. The End of the War April 9, 11:50 am, 1865 • Lee sent a letter surrendering • General Lee the last general surrendered to General Grant at Appomattox county, Virginia at the Appomattox courthouse • Terms • Major artillery would be turned over. • Side arms, horses, and mules would remain. • No imprisonment for treason.

  21. The Appomattox Courthousein Battle

  22. The Surrender

  23. But Wait There is more Battles? • Yes, since communication is slow and people want to still fight the fighting stopped June 23, 1865

  24. Civil War Weapons

  25. Cannons • Napoleon • 12pound ball • Howitzer • 12,24 and 32 pound ball • Effective range of 250-1700 yards • Could also fire • Grate shot • Two cannon balls with chain connect, used to take out mass of a ship • Explosive shot • Both used by the Confederate and the Union

  26. Rifles • Used 1859-1872 by confederate and union soldiers • Muzzle-loaded • 2-3 shots per minute • Accurate from 100-400 yards

  27. Pistols • Colt 1851 Navy • Confederate • Single acting, 6 shot • Colt Army 1860 • union • Single action, 6 shot • Both Accurate 75-100 yards • But more likely to be shot 25-50 yards

  28. Swords • Swords were used by both sides usually officers had them.

  29. Ships • U.S.S monitor • ship made of metal • Fully armored ship • Rotating gun turret • U.S.S North Carolina • Iron clad war ship

  30. Monitor

  31. North carolina

  32. How did the Civil War affect America’s Future? • If the Confederates won the Civil War there would have been slavery and different states’ right. There would also be a different line of presidents. • If America did not have the war at all, there would be two countries “The united states of the Union” and “The untied states of the Confederates”

  33. Bibliography • http://www.whyguides.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/Civil-War.jpg • http://www.visitingdc.com/images/abraham-lincoln-picture.jpg • http://www.knowledgehouse.info/images/Jefferson_Davis.png • http://www.civilwarinfoguide.com/images/american_civil_war_map.gif • http://www.charlestonbatterytour.com/fort-sumter-fire.jpg • http://civilwar.olemarius.net/images/picks/Battle%20of%20Bull%20Run--July%2021st%201861-500.jpg • http://wwwdelivery.superstock.com/WI/223/900/PreviewComp/SuperStock_900-1305.jpg • http://www.indexinn.com/countries/usa/pennsylvania/pl_images/009_Pennsylvania-Battle-of-Gettysburg-Reenactment.jpg • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/72/Battle_of_Fort_Fisher.jpg/300px-Battle_of_Fort_Fisher.jpg • http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/lincpix/court.jpg • http://www.civilwarhome.com/images/surrender.jpg • httphttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/American_Civil_War_era_12_lb_howitzer_cannon_used_in_the_battle_of_Corydon_reenactment_.jpg://www.dwhike.com/History/Chickamauga-National-Military/IMG6183/607517075_LVEFm-S.jpghttp • http://www.nps.gov/archive/gett/soldierlife/graphics/m61sprngfld.jpg • http://www.icollector.com/Colt-1851-Navy-38-Cal-SN-1628_i8523556 • http://www.rebelstatescurrency.com/1860Colt.jpg • http://www.brooklynonline.com/images/mondeck.jpg • http://www.civilwarmall.com/bookseller/images/06-710.jpg

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