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ERT250 DYNAMICS

ERT250 DYNAMICS. PRE-REQUISITE: ENGINEERING MECHANICS/STATIC. MRS SITI KAMARIAH BINTI MD SA’AT BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING. Course Synopsis. The course covers the kinematics of particles which includes displacement, velocity and acceleration,

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ERT250 DYNAMICS

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  1. ERT250 DYNAMICS PRE-REQUISITE: ENGINEERING MECHANICS/STATIC MRS SITI KAMARIAH BINTI MD SA’AT BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING

  2. Course Synopsis The course covers the kinematics of particles which includes displacement, velocity and acceleration, kinetics of particles; Newton’s law of motion, equation of motion, work, impulse, momentum, principle of work and energy, principle of impulse and momentum, planar kinetics and kinematics of rigid bodies, three dimensional kinematics of rigid bodies, three dimensional kinetics of rigid bodies and mechanical vibration.

  3. Course Outcomes CO1: Ability to analyze the problems in the kinematics of particle and rigid body. CO2: Ability to analyze problems related to kinetics of particle involving force and acceleration, work, energy and momentum. CO3: Ability to evaluate the problems in the kinetics of rigid bodies in 2D and 3D. CO4: Ability to formulate the solutions of the problems for damped and undamped vibrations.

  4. Course Evaluation • Continuous Assessment • Assignments 20 % • Quizzes 10 % • Examination • Mid term Examinations 20 % • Final Examination 50 %

  5. LECTURES AND TUTORIAL 2 hours lectures/week 1 hour tutorial/week

  6. TEXT BOOK & REFERENCES BOOKS

  7. INTRODUCTION TO DYNAMICS HISTORY AND MODERN APPLICATIONS BASIC CONCEPTS NEWTON’S LAWS UNITS DIMENSIONS GRAVITATION SOLVING PROBLEMS IN DYNAMICS QUIZ 1

  8. An Overview of Mechanics

  9. HISTORY AND MODERN APPLICATIONS • Dynamics : branch of mechanics which deal with motion of bodies under the action of forces. • The study of dynamics usually follow the study of statics; which deals with the effect of _________ on bodies in __________. • Dynamics has two parts: • _____________: the study of motion without the reference to the forces to cause motion • _____________: relates the action of forces on bodies to their resulting motions

  10. History of Dynamics • The beginning of rational understanding of dynamics is credited to Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), who made observations concerning: • bodies in free fall, • motion on incline plane and • motion of pendulum • Newton (1642-1727), guided by Galileo’s work, was able to make an accurate formulation of the laws of motion. Newton was first to correctly formulate the law of universal gravitation.

  11. Applications of Dynamics • The principles of mechanics dynamics: • Basic to analysis and design of moving structures • To fixed structures subject to shock loads • To robotic and automatic control systems • To rocket, missile and spacecraft • To ground and space transportation • To machinery of all types : turbines, pumps, reciprocating machines, hoists, and machine tool • In Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering?

  12. BASIC CONCEPTS Space Time Mass Force Particle Rigid body Vector and scalar

  13. F = ma NEWTON’S LAWS • Law I : • A particle remains at rest or continuous to move with uniform velocity if there is no force acting on it. • Law II • The acceleration of a particle is proportional to the resultant force acting on it and is in the direction of this force. • Law III • The forces of action and reaction between interacting bodies are equal in magnitude, opposite in direction and collinear.

  14. UNITS 1 N = 1 kg/m.s2 SI Units

  15. DIMENSIONS The principle of dimensional homogeneity: all physical relations must be dimensionally homogeneous. Example: F = ML/T2 Fx = ½ mv2

  16. GRAVITATION Newton’s Law of gravitation

  17. Effect of Altitude The variation of g with altitude is easily determined from the gravitational law. If go represents the absolute acceleration due to gravity at sea level, the absolute value at altitude h is

  18. Apparent Weight The gravitational attraction of the earth on a body. If a force of attraction of true weight of the body, W, because the body falls with absolute acceleration, g gives W = mg

  19. SOLVING PROBLEMS IN DYNAMICS-Steps • Formulate the problem • State the given data • State the desired result • State your assumption and approximation • Develop the solution • Draw any needed diagram and include coordinate appropriate for the problem • State the principles to be applied to your solution; formula • Make your calculation • Used consistent unit • Ensure the answer are reasonable in term of magnitude and directions, etc • Draw conclusion

  20. Key note Don’t simply memorize the kinetics and kinematics equations but expose to the wide variety problem situation. DO AN EXERCISES

  21. QUIZ 1 • State Newton’s law of motion • Express the law of gravitation. • Discuss the effect of altitude and rotation of the earth on the acceleration due to gravity. • A space-shuttle module has a mass of 50 kg and rests on the surface of the earth at latitude of 45o north. • Determine the surface level weight of the module. • The module is taken to an altitude of 300 km above the surface of the earth, determine its weight under this condition. • If a cargo bay is fixed inside the space shuttle and the shuttle is in a circular orbit at altitude 300 km above the surface, determine the weight of the module.

  22. Thank You

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