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Cognitive Accessibility of OTC Drug Information

Cognitive Accessibility of OTC Drug Information. Drug Facts Active ingred Purpose Uses Warnings Directions Inactive ingredients. Ruth S. Day / Duke University. FDA Nonprescription Drugs Advisory Committee (9/25/06). Cognitive Accessibility of OTC Drug Information.

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Cognitive Accessibility of OTC Drug Information

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  1. Cognitive Accessibility of OTC Drug Information Drug Facts Active ingred Purpose Uses Warnings Directions Inactive ingredients Ruth S. Day / Duke University FDA Nonprescription Drugs Advisory Committee (9/25/06)

  2. Cognitive Accessibility of OTC Drug Information 1) Basic Approach 2) Cognitive Principles 3) Non-OTC Examples

  3. Cognitive Accessibility of OTC Drug Information 1) Basic Approach 2) Cognitive Principles 3) Non-OTC Examples 4) OTC Examples 5) Generality 6) Conclusions

  4. QUESTION: How do people understand drug information? Ruth Day

  5. QUESTION: How do people understand drug information? ANSWER: With difficulty! Ruth Day

  6. QUESTION: How do people understand drug information? ANSWER: With difficulty! WHY: --Heavy information load --Complex/technical information --etc. Ruth Day

  7. QUESTION: How do people understand drug information? ANSWER: With difficulty! WHY: --Heavy information load --Complex/technical information --etc. --Cognitive Accessibility Ruth Day

  8. Cognitive Accessibility The ease with which Ruth Day

  9. Cognitive Accessibility The ease with which people can drug information find understand remember use Ruth Day

  10. Cognitive Accessibility The ease with which people can drug information find understand remember use in a safe and effective manner. Ruth Day

  11. Cognitive Accessibility * The ease with which people can drug information find understand remember use in a safe and effective manner. * Day, 2000; 2006 Ruth Day

  12. Cognitive IN-Accessibility The ease with which people can drug information find understand remember use in a safe and effective manner. * Day, 2000; 2006 Ruth Day

  13. INFORMATION SOURCES TV Ads Internet Hardcopy    Ruth Day

  14. INFORMATION SOURCES TV Ads Internet Hardcopy    Product Websites Professional Label Patient Package Inserts Medication Guides Pharmacy Leaflets Print Ads OTC Rx Ads OTC Ruth Day

  15. INFORMATION SOURCES OTC TV Ads Internet Hardcopy    Product Websites Professional Label Patient Package Inserts Medication Guides Pharmacy Leaflets Print Ads OTC Rx Ads OTC Ruth Day

  16. BASIC APPROACH Cognitive Enhanced Cognitive Analyses Displays Experiments Ruth Day

  17. BASIC APPROACH Cognitive Enhanced Cognitive Analyses Displays Experiments  --Obtain quantitative measures --Calculate “cognitive accessibility” --Compare benefits vs. risks Ruth Day

  18. BASIC APPROACH Cognitive Enhanced Cognitive Analyses Displays Experiments  --Obtain quantitative measures --Calculate “cognitive accessibility” --Compare benefits vs. risks --Same info --Based on cognitive principles Ruth Day

  19. BASIC APPROACH Cognitive Enhanced Cognitive Analyses Displays Experiments Test effects on:  --Attention --Comprehension --Memory --Problem Solving --Decision Making --Behavior --Obtain quantitative measures --Calculate “cognitive accessibility” --Compare benefits vs. risks --Same info --Based on cognitive principles Ruth Day

  20. BASIC APPROACH Cognitive Enhanced Cognitive Analyses Displays Experiments Test effects on:  --Attention --Comprehension --Memory --Problem Solving --Decision Making --Behavior --Obtain quantitative measures --Calculate “cognitive accessibility” --Compare benefits vs. risks --Same info --Based on cognitive principles Health Outcomes Ruth Day

  21. COGNITIVE PRINCIPLES Information Load Chunking Coding Representation Location Speed Readability Comprehension Prior Knowledge Attention Cognitive Task Metacognition Ruth Day

  22. COGNITIVE PRINCIPLES Information Load Chunking Coding Representation Location Speed Readability Comprehension Prior Knowledge Attention Cognitive Task Metacognition Day, R.S. (2006) Comprehension of prescription drug information: Overview of a research program. Proceedings of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence, Argumentation for Consumer Healthcare. http://www.aaai.org Ruth Day

  23. LOAD How much is too much? Ruth Day

  24. LOAD How much is too much? Information Load Ruth Day

  25. LOAD How much is too much? Information Cognitive Load Load Ruth Day

  26. Sample Experiment Ruth Day

  27. Medication Schedules Sample Experiment Ruth Day

  28. Medication Schedules Polypharmacy Ruth Day

  29. Ruth Day

  30. List Ruth Day

  31. List Matrix

  32. Ruth Day

  33. Ruth Day

  34. Ruth Day

  35. Procedure time Study Cognitive Tasks Memory Comprehension Problem Solving Ruth Day

  36. (Display Absent) (Display Present) Memory Comprehension Ruth Day

  37. (Display Absent) (Display Present) Memory Comprehension Ruth Day

  38. (Display Absent) (Display Present) Memory Comprehension Ruth Day

  39. (Display Absent) (Display Present) Memory Comprehension Ruth Day

  40. Types of Questions Factual Inferential --“What are the names of the drugs? --“How many total pills per day?” --etc. Ruth Day

  41. Types of Questions Factual Inferential --“What are the names of the drugs? --“How many total pills per day?” --etc. Scenarios Go beyond the information given Ruth Day

  42. Types of Questions Factual Inferential --“What are the names of the drugs? --“How many total pills per day?” --etc. Scenarios Go beyond the information given Ruth Day

  43. Scenario Question: “If you leave home in the afternoon and will not be back until breakfast time the next day, how many Inderal should you take along?” Ruth Day

  44. Scenario Question: “If you leave home in the afternoon and will not be back until breakfast time the next day, how many Inderal should you take along?” Memory Comprehension Ruth Day

  45. Scenario Question: “If you leave home in the afternoon and will not be back until breakfast time the next day, how many Inderal should you take along?” Memory Comprehension Ruth Day

  46. Scenario Question: “If you leave home in the afternoon and will not be back until breakfast time the next day, how many Inderal should you take along?” Memory Comprehension Ruth Day

  47. Scenario Question: “If you leave home in the afternoon and will not be back until breakfast time the next day, how many Inderal should you take along?” Memory Comprehension Ruth Day

  48. Medication Schedules Principles --Alternative Representations --Multiple Cognitive Tasks Ruth Day

  49. CHUNKING Ruth Day Ruth Day

  50. CHUNKING Basic idea …. Ruth Day Ruth Day

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