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A Meta-Analysis of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT)

IFIP WG 8.6 Conference Hamburg (Germany), September 22-24, 2011. A Meta-Analysis of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Yogesh K. Dwivedi Nripendra P. Rana Hsin Chen Michael D. Williams. Outline. Introduction Methodology Findings and discussions Conclusions

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A Meta-Analysis of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT)

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  1. IFIP WG 8.6 Conference Hamburg (Germany), September 22-24, 2011 A Meta-Analysis of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) Yogesh K. Dwivedi Nripendra P. Rana Hsin Chen Michael D. Williams

  2. Outline • Introduction • Methodology • Findings and discussions • Conclusions • Limitations and future research

  3. About UTAUT • a theoretical advancement over existing theories used to examine adoption and diffusion related research. • Venkatesh et al. (2003) reviewed, mapped and integrated constructs across the following eight theories and models and aimed to develop a unified view to eliminate redundancy and repetitions: Theory of reasoned action (TRA); Technology acceptance model (TAM); - Motivational model (MM); Theory of planned behaviour (TPB); A combined theory of TPB AND TAM; Model of PC UTILIZATION (MPCU); Innovation diffusion theory (IDT); Social cognitive theory (SCT)

  4. Research Motivations • Due to the similarity of UTAUT with TAM and TPB, the current and future adoption and diffusion studies might be favoring use of UTAUT. • It is difficult to demonstrate that if UTAUT is replacing TAM in empirical studies as there is no review of previous empirical studies that have utilized UTAUT. • There is no study that has surveyed or reviewed performance of UTAUT subsequently – so there is a lack of information regarding reliability and consistency of performance of this theory in different situations.

  5. Why Meta-analysis of UTAUT? • Try to determine the past and current trends of its use by conducting systematic reviews • To examine performance of UTAUT and its constructs across different studies. This was less feasible through using any other method • A number of studies published in I&M, CAIS have utilized similar method on TAM

  6. Research Aim • To conduct a review and meta-analysis of articles that have cited the originating article on UTAUT (Venkatesh et al., 2003). • Research Objectives: • - Identify articles that either cited or utilised UTAUT • - Perform the demography of citations • - Analyze theories and external variables • - Investigate relationships between UTAUT constructs • - Find out the average reliability of UTAUT constructs • - Carry out the meta-analysis of constructs relations

  7. Methodology • Identified a list of 870 articles on the UTAUT’s originating article from Web of Science® database. • Out of total 870 articles, 450 full articles were downloaded. • Out of 450, 407 just cited the UTAUT whereas 43 utilised it.

  8. Findings • Demography of citations - Citation by Source: MIS Quarterly (36), LNCS (30), I & M (28) - Citations by Year: 2009 (228), 2008 (214), 2007 (141), 2006 (91), 2005 (62) - External Theories: TAM, TTF, SCT, IDT, TAM2 - External Variables: 22 out of 43 studies used external variables • Relationship between UTAUT constructs - Most significant relation: BI-U, PE-BI, SI-BI - Only 19% of overall studies show BI-U relations - Most non-significant relation: EE-BI, FC-BI

  9. Findings Contd.. • Reliability of UTAUT Constructs • - All of the constructs were found to have the average reliability of >0.70 - BI found to show the largest average reliability followed by EE and U ≈ 0.90 • Major Limitations of UTAUT based studies • - Single subject: Only one community, organization, culture, or country • - Single IS: Only one information system or technology used for research • - Cross sectional study: Measured at only one point of time - Self-reported usage: Does not assess the actual use

  10. Findings Contd.. • Correlation analysis from original theory and meta-analysis

  11. Discussion • Despite the large citations, only a few studies used UTAUT • The cumulative performance of UTAUT is not as good as one measured in the original theory • Seven out of 43 UTAUT based studies used external theory • - TAM (4 times) most frequently used theory along with UTAUT • Many external variables across UTAUT constructs

  12. Conclusions • There is an increasing trend of using external variables and external theories together with the UTAUT. • Relationships between external variables along with UTAUT constructs and behavioural intention were generally reported as significant or mixed significant. • Reliability of UTAUT’s survey instrument was found consistent in all citations that have utilized it.

  13. Limitations and Future Research Scope • Potential Limitations: - Limited number of research papers on UTAUT - No consideration of moderating variables • Future Research Scope: - More number of UTAUT based study to be analysed - Effect of moderating variables to be considered

  14. THANK YOU

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