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情态动词

情态动词. 一 . 情态动词的种类及表示的含义 . 1. 情态动词的含义 2. 情态动词 + 完成式. 1 .can 1 ） can not help + 动名词 , can not help but + 动词原形 , 意为 “不禁 ,,,”, “ 忍不住 …” 2 ） cannot/ can never…too 表示 “无论如何 … 也不过分” , “ 越 … 越好” You cannot be careful when you drive a car.

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情态动词

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  1. 情态动词 • 一. 情态动词的种类及表示的含义. • 1. 情态动词的含义 • 2. 情态动词+完成式

  2. 1 .can 1）can not help + 动名词, can not help but +动词原形, 意为 “不禁,,,”, “忍不住…” 2）cannot/ can never…too 表示 “无论如何…也不过分”, “越…越好” You cannot be careful when you drive a car. A. very B. so C. too D. enough 3）can not but + 动词原形 “不得不” He can not but agree I cannot but admire him.

  3. 2. May 1）may well+动词原形,意为 “have good reason to do”. 2）may(mignt) as well+动词原形,意为: “had better”, “不妨…”, “还是…的好”. e.g 1) If you don’t like to swim, youstay at home. A. should as well B. may as well C. can as well D. would as well 2) She may well say so. 她有理由这么说.

  4. 3. need和dare • 此两词既可作实义动词,又可作情态动词.作实义动词时,它们本身有时态的变化,在疑问句或否定句须用助动词, • The job doesn’t need much time. • Does anyone dare to call me a liar? • 作情态动词时, need表示 “需要”或 “必须”, 只用于疑问句和否定句中。dare表示 “敢于,胆敢”,除了习惯用语I dare say外,很少用于肯定句。 1) He said to me, “I want to go to the grocery, but you _with me.” • A. need not to go B. need not go • C. do not need go D. need go not 2) No one that to his face. A. dare to say B. dare say C. dares saying D. is daring say

  5. 4.must not 和need not must not表示禁止,是说话人强有力的劝告或命令,意为 “一定不要,不准”。因此，在回答由must引导的问题时，如果是否定的回答，表示 “不必,没有必要”,不能用shouldn’t,而要用needn’t或don’t have to. 例如: You mustn’t forget to post the letter. You mustn’t breathe a word of this to anyone. We must hurry, we mustn’t be late. You must not tell others./You needn’t tell others. Must I do it now? No, you needn’t.

  6. 5.used to+动词原形 • be (become,get) used to+动名词 • used to +动词原形表示一种过去的习惯,过去的例行活动或方式,一个与现在情况相反的过去状况,意为 “过去常常”,否定式为used not to (usedn’t to),疑问式把used放在主语前,也可用did引起. • be (become,get,grow) accustomed / used to+动名词或名词意为 “习惯于……,对……习惯”. • She didn’t used to come. • Didn’t he used to get up early? • She usedn’t to come. • Usedn’t he to get up early?

  7. 6.情态动词+have done e.g Mary’s score on the test is the highest in her class; she__ have studied very hard. A. may B. should C. must D. ought to 1) must have done表示对过去行为的非常肯定的推测. 2) can/could not have done表示对过去行为的否定推测. 3) could have done表示过去可以完成,但事实上并没有实现的事情. 4) may/might have done表示对过去事情可能性的推测,也可表示对本来可能发生而实际并未发生的事情表示 “感叹”或 “遗憾”,并含有 “劝告,责备”的语气. 5) should/ought to have done表示过去本应该做的事情由于某种原因并没有做. 6) should not /oughtn’t to have done表示过去发生了不应该发生的事情. 7)needn’t have done表示本来不必要做的事情已经做了

  8. 1) Youher in her office last Friday; she’s been out of town for two weeks. • A. needn’t have seen B. must have seen • C. might have seen D. can’t have seen 2) The room is in a terrible mess; itcleaned. • A. can’t have been B. shouldn’t have been • C. mustn’t have been D. wouldn’t have been 3) With all this work on hand, heto the cinema last night. • A. mustn’t go B. wouldn’t go • C. oughtn’t to go D. shouldn’t have gone 4) Youall those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing. • A. needn’t have done B. must not have done • C. shouldn’t have done D. can not have done

  9. 7. had better +动词原形, would rather (sooner) +动词原形+than+动词原形 would rather+虚拟式从句 • had better结构意为 “最好……”, 否定式为 had better not，疑问句把 had放在主语前。 Yougo by air. • hadn’t better B. gad better not to C. have better not D. had better not

  10. 2） would rather意为 “宁愿,宁可”,后接动词原形,否定式为would rather not,疑问句把would 放在主语前。 would rather(sooner)…than意为 “宁愿……而不”, than后面接动词原形(不带to)。 Would rather后面接从句时要用虚拟式. He would ratherthanthe secret. • A. die…telling B. die…to tell • C. dead…tell D. die…tell I would rather you her the bike the other day. • A. didn’t lend B. hadn’t lent • C. should not lend D. wouldn’t have lent

  11. 1. This penhis; he was not here in the morning. A. mustn’t B. can not be C. should not be D. may not be 2. We came early and had to wait for an hour before the concert began. We. A. should not hurry B. must not have hurried C. need not hurry D. need not have hurried 3. You don’t needfor his permission every time you want to use these instruments. A. to ask B. ask C. asking D. being asked 4. come out at night? A. Does he dare B. Dare he to C. dares he D. dare he

  12. 5. The original plan . A. needs not be changed. B. doesn’t need changed C. need not to be changed D. doesn’t need to be changed. 6. The planealready. It is not due to go until four o’clock this afternoon. A. can’t have taken off B. Must not have hurried C. need not hurry D. won’t haven off 7. You in rain yesterday without an umbrella. No wonder you caught such a bad cold. A. mustn’t walk B. mustn’t have walked C. couldn’t have walked D. shouldn’t have walked 8. Now that I have carried out the work now, Ias well go with you to play football. A. could B. should C. may D. will

  13. 9. Marybe present at the ceremony tonight, but she isn’t very sure yet. • A. can B. could C. may D. will 10. Youacross the road without looking around. Youdown by a car. • A. shouldn’t run…might have been knocked • B. shouldn’t have run…might have been knocked • C. mustn’t run…could have been knocked • D. mustn’t have run…could be knocked 11. He stayed up until midnight writing a report, but in fact heit to the next day. • A. should leave B. can leave • C. could leave D. could have left 12. The alarm clock didn’t ring this morning. Iit last night. • A. need to have forgotten to wind B. may have forgotten winding • C. ought to have forgotten to wind D. must have forgotten to wind

  14. 13. I can’t find my dictionary. Cathy must have taken it away by mistake yesterday, ? • A. mustn’t she B. needn’t she • C. hasn’t she D. didn’t she 14. But for the flood, the railwayby the end of the last month. A. ought to be completed B. ought to have been completed C. might be completed D. should be completed 15. I cannot help buta person who is reluctant to complain about his problems. • A. admire B. to admire C. admiring D. admired 16. Hethe boy, but he couldn’t hold back his temper. • A. ought not to have scolded B. ought to have not scolded • C. ought to not have scolded D. ought to have scolded

  15. 17. Young and inexperienced as she is, shethe risk. • A. dares to take B. dares take • C. dare to take D. dare not take 18. When it comes to the great development in modern technology, peoplethe fantastic spurt in communication system. • A. can not help but to think of B. can not help thinking of • C. could not but think of D. could not help thinking of 19. The shop manager always stressed to his employees, “we can never bepolite to our customers.” • A. so B. too C. that D. such 20. He regretted missing a golden opportunity. In fact, hethe job when it was offered. • A. shall take B. should take • C. should have taken D. should have

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