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German expressionism

German expressionism. History.

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German expressionism

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  1. German expressionism

  2. History • German expressionism was formed to break away from the film conventions of other movements in Europe and Hollywood. It was described as being different, knocking down the norms of European and Hollywood cinema conventions. At the time of its birth it was experimental, daring, challenging and artistic. The exploration of new ideas through the supernatural was particularly interesting as it tackled various subjects such as madness, insanity, betrayal and other intellectual topics. German Expressionism challenges the conventions and norms of realism. It goes against it completely choosing to explore the emotional reality of a subject rather than the surface.

  3. Characteristics • Characteristics of Expressionist Cinema include: • - Bio-mechnical acting • - 2 dimensional simple sets, high contrast lighting, distorted shadows/ silhouettes • - The use of continuity, editing, shot transitions • - Fantasy/ Horror narratives or framed stories set in the past The German expressionist film movement was very short lived. It dies out in the 1920s. However, the themes of Expressionism were integrated into later films of the 1920s and 1930s, resulting in an artistic control over the placement of scenery and light to enhance the mood of a film.

  4. Influence • The influence of German Expressionism can be seen in the works of Alfred Hitchcock. Hitchcock having been sent to Germany to work as a art director for a film called ‘The BlackGuard’ was influenced by the style and conventions of German Expressionists Cinema. This Influence extended on to the set designs, lighting techniques and camera work of Hitchcock’s later films. For example, in the shower scene from ‘Psycho’ Norman Bates’ blurred image seen through the shower curtain is a homage to the film Nosferatu were his image is shown through his shadow. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atjhOhH-V3E http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mCUW4SwmfGc

  5. Influence cont.. • Aside from various great filmmakers inspired by the style of Expressionism. TIm Burton is the most known to be heavily influenced by its conventions and elements in recent times. His 1992 film ‘Batman Returns’ is often cited as a modern attempt to capture the essence of German Expressionism. The angular building designs and severe-looking city squares of Gotham City evoke the loom and menace present in F`ritz Lang’s ‘Metropolis’. This influence continues in his films ‘Edward Scissorhands’ where the protagonist’s (Edward Scissorhands) Caligari’s somnambulist servant from the film ‘The Cabinet Of Dr. Caligari. Expressionist ideas and conventions are always apparent in Tim Burton’s films. 

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