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Unit 14 Human Reproduction

This informative piece explores human reproduction, covering key aspects such as sexual health, the risks of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) like HIV, herpes, syphilis, and gonorrhea. It delves into the reproductive systems of males and females, detailing processes of oogenesis and spermatogenesis. Key questions are posed regarding contraception, sperm and egg characteristics, and fertilization paths. The text also addresses multiple birth types, the development of zygotes, and the influence of chromosomes on gender assignment.

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Unit 14 Human Reproduction

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  1. Unit 14Human Reproduction

  2. This is NOT sex education • Having sex can cause disease called STD (sexually transmitted disease) • HIV infection • Genital herpes • Syphilis • Gonorrhea

  3. Herpes

  4. Syphilis

  5. Gonorrhea

  6. Safe Sex • _____ ______

  7. Human Reproduction Questions • Q. Can the first time someone has sex cause pregnancy? • Q. Which is smaller a sperm cell or an egg? • Q. How do sperm swim? Cilia? Villi? Flagella?

  8. Human Reproductive SystemFemale • Oogenesis- egg production • Four eggs are created per month yet only one survives • Three Polar bodies are created • This causes chromosomal shedding • Cytokinesis is lopped sided in oogenesis

  9. Human Reproductive System- Male • Meiosis produces sperm in the testicles • Spermatogenesis has equal cytokinesis • The two testicles are in a sac outside the body called the scrotum • The testicles move with temperature • Sperm meiosis takes place below body temperature (Jockey shorts are anti-spermatogenic)

  10. Path of Sperm • 1. Manufactured in the seminiferous tubules of the two testes • 2. Epididymis (Epi, did I miss?)- long coiled tube where sperm matures • 3. Vas deferens where sperm is stored • Ejaculation = sperm is released from the vas deferens to the urethra which carries the sperm through the penis

  11. Path of an Egg • 1. Egg is produced in the ovary • 2. The ovary releases an egg through the process called ovulation • 3. The egg usually finds it way up the fallopian tube and is carried to the uterus for implanting • Fertilization can occur anywhere along this path

  12. EGGS • Q. Are all eggs formed at the birth of the female? • A. Sort of. A female’s ovaries contain about 2 million oocytes at birth, all have begun meiosis and are stopped in prophase these are called primary oocytes • Only a few primary oocytes go into full mitosis • About 400 of the 2 million oocytes become OVA, mature eggs

  13. Human Reproduction • Meiosis produces 700,000,000 sperm per day and one egg per month • Egg meets sperm to form a single cell called a Zygote • The zygote becomes an embryo • The embryo becomes a fetus • After nine months (266 days) the fetus becomes a child

  14. There only a small difference between man and females • Everyone starts out a as female • In the tenth week the “Y” chromosome on sperm causes a male, without the “Y” the embryo becomes female • Internally- we are set up to go either way • Indifferent gonads can become ovaries or testicles

  15. Twins • Identical = same egg and sperm • Fraternal = separate eggs, separate sperms • Can fraternal twins have separate fathers? Be of different races? • What can happen if a identical twin egg doesn’t separate totally?

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