Chapter 5, Lesson 3

1. Chapter 5, Lesson 3 Compromise and Conflict

2. Vocabulary Slave state: A state that allows slavery Free state: A state that DOES NOT allow slavery Union: Another name for the United States Popular Sovereignty (sahv-er-en-tee): The right for people to make political decisions for themselves Fugitive: A person who is running away from the law

3. Essential Question: What did the Compromise of 1850 do? Hypothesis: Answer:

4. Would Slavery Spread? • United States grew in the 1800s because of the Louisiana Purchase and the Mexican War • Congress set up governments for the new lands and if the population became large enough, it could become a state • Congress had the power to decide if a state was a free state or slave state

5. Compromises in Congress • Northern states wanted more representatives in Congress so they could pass laws getting rid of Slavery • Southern States wanted more slaves and therefore, they wanted to have more representatives in Congress Missouri wanted to join the Union as a slave state. Congress created the Missouri Compromise. This helped Congress accept Missouri as a slave state and have Maine as a free state. After the Missouri Compromise, Congress drew an invisible line. Do you see it on the map? Any state below this line was a slave state and any state above the line was a free state

6. Compromises in Congress • In 1850, Congress still did not know how to handle slavery spreading into the new territories. So… Congress left it up for the people to make the decisions… called popular sovereignty • Popular sovereignty was given to Kansas and Nebraska by Congress in 1854. Guess what this Act was called? • THE KANSAS NEBRASKA ACT!

7. Compromises in Congress Abolitionists did not like the act because it allowed slavery in the north of the line Kansas is now rushed with settlers for AND against slavery. The two sides fought for control of the territory In 1861, Kansas became a free state

8. The Growing Crisis • Fugitive Slave Law was a law passed as part of the Compromise of 1850 that stated: 1. Slaves who escaped to the North MUST be returned to slavery 2. Ordered citizens to help catch fugitives • Harriet Beacher Stowe was: 1. From New England 2. A Writer 3. Against the Fugitive Slave Law • She wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabinthat described the cruelty of slavery • The book noted that slavery was a NATION problem, not a south problem • The book convinced the North that slavery was wrong • The book made the Southerners upset because they believed it painted slavery in a false manner

9. Dred Scott • Dred Scott, a slave asked the Supreme Court for freedom • Why? He used to live in free states (Illinois & Wisconsin) • Supreme Court said no • Why? They believed that being a slave means you are property and it doesn’t matter where you lived. • They ALSO believed the government could not keep slavery out of any territory because that would prevent slaveowners from moving their property to new territories • A victory for slaveowners because it meant that slavery was legal in ALL territories

10. John Brown’s Raid • John Brown, abolitionist and fed up. In 1859, he tried to start a rebellion by attacking a U.S. Army Post in Harper’s Ferry, VA. • He was captured, tried for treason, found guilty and hanged. • To Northerners, he was a hero. • To Southerners, he was a violent man set out to destroy their way of life. • One year later, the South is gaining more support for antislavery and think that the North should leave the Union… QUESTION: • Do you side with the North or South’s point of view? Why?

11. Essential Question: What did the Compromise of 1850 do? Hypothesis: Answer: