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DEATH AND DYING

DEATH AND DYING. Emotional and Physiologic Elements of Death and Dying. Terminal Illness. A disease that cannot be cured and will result in death. Hospice Care. Specialized care for the terminally ill (prognosis of 6 months or less to live)

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DEATH AND DYING

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  1. DEATH AND DYING Emotional and Physiologic Elements of Death and Dying

  2. Terminal Illness A disease that cannot be cured and will result in death.

  3. Hospice Care • Specialized care for the terminally ill (prognosis of 6 months or less to live) • Offers palliative care, care that provides support andn comfort. • Can be provided in hospitals or special facilities, but most often is care given at home.

  4. Right to Die • Laws are in place concerning advanced directives (living will/durable power of attorney) • Those with a terminal illness, with no hope of being cured, should be allowed to refuse measures that would prolong life. • DNR orders are another example.

  5. EMOTIONAL TRANSITIONS AT LIFE’S END Although there are many theories about the emotional transitions encountered by dying people, the best known is. . . . .

  6. ELISABETH KUBLER-ROSS • Landmark work entitled On Death and Dying • Identified five emotional stages experienced by dying individuals

  7. FIVE EMOTIONAL STAGES • Denial - or “no not me” • Anger - or “why me?” • Bargaining - or “Yes, but. . .” • Depression - or “It’s me!” • Acceptance - or “It’s part of life. I have to get my life in order.”

  8. Progression Through the Stages • People don’t move through the stages in a linear progression. • People may vacillate between stages. • People may stay in one stage until death.

  9. DEATH CAN INVOLVE FEARS THAT ARE PHYSICAL, SOCIAL, AND EMOTIONAL • PHYSICAL - Helplessness, dependence, loss of physical faculties, mutilation, pain • SOCIAL - Separation from family, leaving behind unfinished business • EMOTIONAL - Being unprepared for death and what happens after death

  10. INTERVENTIONS FOR FEARS • Talk as needed • Avoid superficial answers, i.e. “It’s God’s will • Provide religious support as appropriate • Stay with the patient as needed • Work with families to strengthen and support

  11. PHYSIOLOGY OF DYING • Somatic death or death of the body • Series of irreversible events leading to cell death • Causes of death varies • However, there are basic body changes leading to all deaths

  12. NEVER LOSE SIGHT. . . • Death is the end, as we know it, for that person • We can only support, listen therapeutically, and • Make the person as physically comfortable as possible • We can also use our knowledge and expertise to strengthen, support, and prepare the family

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