Intentional Heath

1. Intentional Heath West Africa Transformational Development Conference Ghana 2010

2. They have no struggles; their bodies are healthy and strong. They are free from the burdens common to man; they are not plagued by human ills. Psalm 73:4-5 NIV

3. Defining Health Good health is living in harmony with: • God • Self • Others • Environment

4. Elements of Health Spiritual Care Health Education \ I / Clean Water Agriculture \ I / Maternal Care Literacy \ Good / Employment Sanitation / Health \ Medical Care Nutrition / I \ Well Baby Immunization / I \ Prevention | Common Disease Emotional Self-Worth

5. View of Health • Promotion–Education • Prevention • Cure

6. Hospital Clinic Community Community Health Care Pyramid

7. Health Beliefs • Often are passed from generations • Are not easily changed • Some are based on true and valid information • Build on information that people already know

8. Harmful Health Beliefs • Physical • not giving a child fluids when it has diarrhea • Mental • call on the spirits if someone is sad or depressed • Spiritual – • call upon evil spirits or even seek to appease them if there is illness

9. What is Health Promotion (HP)? “A comprehensive social and political process which involves actions directed at: • strengthening the skills of individuals to improve their health • changing the social, environmental and economic conditions so as to alleviate their impact on public and individual health.”

10. Health Promotion (continued) “It is the process of enabling people to increase control over the determinants of health and thereby improve their health” (WHO 1998)

11. What Does It Involve? • HP involves the population as a whole in the context of their everyday life, rather than focus on people at risk for specific diseases. • HP is directed towards action on the determinants or causes of health. • HP combines diverse, but complementary, methods or approaches. • HP calls for concrete public participation.

12. 5 Key Actions for HP • Building healthy public policy • Creating supportive environments • Strengthening community action • Developing personal skills • Re-orienting health services

13. Health Affected by Determinants • Income • Employment • Access to health services • Basic education • Water and sanitation • Housing • Gender • Culture • Life-style • Biological and genetic factors

14. Causes of Death

15. Leading Causes of DeathDeveloping Countries (2001) • HIV/AIDS • Lower Respiratory Diseases • Heart Disease • Diarrheal Diseases • Cardiovascular Diseases • Childhood Diseases • Malaria • TB • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases • Measles

16. Prevention Front Line Defense • Immunizations • Hygiene • Sanitation • Nutrition • Screenings for diseases • Pre-natal care

17. Immunization Issues • Accessibility – location and cost • Compliance • Fear of side effects • Lack of education • Cultural beliefs • Apathy – just not important

18. Hygiene – Hand Washing

19. Hand Washing Priority • After using the toilet/latrine • Before and after caring for a baby • Before preparing food • Before eating • After work • Before and after caring a sick person • When ill – cover cough and/sneeze in elbow

20. Sanitation - Community

21. How Can CHE Program Help? • Community involvement – identified need • Starts with individuals • Role models in community • Reward • Evaluation

22. Water – Source of Life Water Needs per Day • 1-2 liters for drinking • 2-3 liters for food preparation • 6-7 liters for personal cleanliness

23. Water Borne Illnesses Water-related illnesses can be acquired due to a lack of water for good hygiene, lack of sanitation, or increasing insect populations that breed in water and then spread disease.

24. Unsafe Drinking Water 88% of deaths due to diarrhea are caused by unsafe drinking water, inadequate sanitation, and poor hygiene.

25. Water Borne Illnesses • Diarrhea • Dysentery • Cholera • Typhoid • Giardia

26. Facts about Diarrhea • Diarrheal diseases kill 1.5 million children every year • 20% of all children's deaths in the world • More than deaths from AIDS, malaria and measles combined.

27. Water Guidelines • Do not use water from unprotected sources • Make water safe to drink by filtering or treating - SODIS • Clean baby bottles and eating utensils with boiling water to kill germs • Use drying racks

28. Malaria • Most of the 1 million or more people killed every year by malaria are young children and most live in Africa. • The World Health Organization says a child dies of malaria every 30 seconds.

29. Malaria Prevention

30. Malaria Vaccine • Vaccine trials on children in Mali successful • Vaccine produced immune responses similar to or even higher than those of adults infected by malaria all their lives. • May be available in 2012

31. Nutrition- Food Groups 1. Body building (proteins) - meat, fish, eggs, beans, milk, ground nuts • Energy (carbohydrates and fats) potatoes, rice, corn, sugar, bread 3. Protective (fruits and vegetables) green leafy vegetables, citrus, fruit, tomato, squash, pineapple, carrots

32. Meal Planning – 3x3 One food item from each food group three times per day.

33. Organic Food Production Organic farming offers Africa the best chance of breaking the cycle of poverty and malnutrition it has been locked in for decades, according to a major study from the United Nations.

34. Nutrition Conditions Kwashiorkor Marasmus

35. Safe Food Preparation • 1. Keep clean. • 2. Separate raw and cooked foods. • 3. Cook food thoroughly. • 4. Keep food at safe temperatures. • 5. Use safe water and raw materials.

36. Chronic Diseases- Diabetes • The number of people with diabetes in the world has risen from 25 million in 1985 to about 250 million to date (SOURCE: WHO 2008) • Increasingly more significant as a public health problem in Africa • Requires changes in public policies and personal lifestyles

37. Lifestyle Changes • Eat regularly a diabetic diet • Exercise • Loose weight if overweight • Check blood sugar regularly • Take oral medication or insulin as directed • Lifelong changes

38. Diabetes Food Pyramid

39. Complications of Diabetes • Kidney problems • Nerve problem • Nerve and circulation problem resulting in amputations • Blindness • Heart disease • Bone and joint disorders. • Skin problems, • Digestive problems • Dental problems

40. Hypertension Impact • Increasing rapidly in Sub-Sahara Africa • Prevalence equals developed countries especially in urban settings • Public health focus remains on communicable diseases • Limited resources for promotion and treatment • Complications of strokes, myocardial infarction (cardiovascular), and renal failure rising dramatically

41. Blood Pressure Readings

42. Hypertension

43. Hypertension Prevention and Care

44. Global Burden of Cancer • Shifting from developed to developing countries • Year 2002: 10.9 million new cancer cases worldwide and 50% were in developing countries • Year 2020: WHO estimates 16.5 million new cancer cases and 75% will be from developing countries

45. Most Common Types of Cancers in Africa • Uterine cervix, • Hepatocellular form of liver cancer • Breast • Prostate, • AIDS/HIV-related malignancies (e.g., Kaposi's lymphoma) • Childhood malignancies. These six cancers account for over 50% of all cancers in Africa.

46. Cancer

47. Screenings for Cancer • Self breast exam • Mammogram • Self testicular exam • PSA – prostate cancer • Pap Smear • Colonoscopy

48. Life Choices that Impact Health • High fat, high carbohydrate diets • Sedentary life- very little exercise • Lack of sleep – need 7-8 hours • Sexual promiscuity • Smoking • Illegal drugs • Alcohol • Stressful environment • Lack of spiritual involvement

49. Universal Precautions • Always put a barrier between you and body fluids • Wash hands after any contact • Bury/burn any supplies with blood

50. Intentional Health Do you not know that your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit, who is in you, whom you have received from God? You are not your own; you were bought at a price. Therefore, honor God with your body. Corinthians 6:19-20 (NIV)